AlSrCIENT PUEBLOS OF UPPER GILA REGION. 43 



The decoration is varied and shows great skill in the combination 

 of the symbolic elements at the command of the artist. The designs 

 are in deep, often lustrous, black, and are well drawn. The center of 

 the best Tularosa art was in the great pueblos at the lower end of the 

 valley, while that of the smaller pueblos on the terraces about the 

 valley is only of average quality. In the larger pueblos mentioned 

 excellence was not confined to the gray ware, but all classes partook 

 of the quality of craftsmanship. The brown ware, which is charac- 

 teristic of the whole vast region treated in this paper, here also 

 reaches its acme. No finer shapes or coiling can be found anywhere 

 in the Southw^est. The projDortion of red ware also is slightly higher 

 than in the pueblos where gxay ware is prevalent, and this also is ex- 

 cellent in design and finish. 



GRAY WARE OF APACHE CREEK. 



The gray ware of Apache Creek is of better quality and finish than 

 that of Blue River, but not equal to that of-the Tularosa, with which, 

 however, it is closely affiliated. 



The paste is coarse, usually almost lead color, but sometimes white. 

 However, the paste was always washed with a kaolin white upon 

 which the designs were drawn. 



The forms are commonly vases with curved handles or animal 

 handles, bowls, canteens, and a few aberrant shapes. (See pi. 8, 

 fig. 3.) No animal forms were secured. 



The decoration is in black; sometimes shading to dark brown, 

 the patterns usually dual, but sometimes linear. The motifs are the 

 customary interlocking frets so widely diffused on gray ware. The 

 bowls have exterior decorations, which is somewhat unusual on gray 

 ware. Sometmies this .band of decoration is continuous or separate 

 design units. The smaller bowls frequently have a curved handle 

 at one side. The neck of one of the vases is ornamented with numer- 

 ous stars. Frequently the w^are is crackled. The percentage of gray 

 ware is small compared with that of the brown and red. 



RED WARE OF BLUE RIVER. 



The finds taken from the Martin Euin at Blue contain a fair num- 

 ber of specimens of red pottery in most respects like that encountered 

 in the ruins where gray ware preponderates. The red ware is in 

 every respect like the gray, except as to the surface treatment. The 

 paste is found to be the same, a granular mass varying from a dark 

 to a light shade of gi'ay, but sometimes being as yello^v^ as that em- 

 ployed in the ancient Hopi pottery. The examination of a section 

 of the pottery shows that the surface has been covered with a wash 

 of clay, usually burning to a deep, pleasing red, but sometimes verg- 



