ANCIENT PUEBLOS OP UPPER GILA EEGION. 45 



to its fragility, not many whole specimens were taken out. It is also 

 of gray paste, but more granular than usual, probably due to the 

 character of the material employed. 



POTTKRY OF UPPER MIMBRES. 



The Museum was fortunate in securing from Mrs. "\Y. O. Owen a 

 small collection of pottery taken from ruins at Fort Bayard. This 

 collection consists principally of the gray type, but having a different 

 character from any such ware in the Southwest. 



The paste is in no case the clear white or gray of some other locali- 

 ties, but is rather a brown body of somewhat fragile texture which has 

 been covered with a wash of white. The pigment used in decoration 

 burns to a beautiful red brown, due perhaps to the presence of yellow 

 ocher in the iron ore employed for paint. 



The shapes are bowls somewhat conical in form (pi. 11, figs. 6 and 

 7), occasionally with flaring rim and usually distorted in firing (fig. 

 5) ; globose bowls (fig. 3) ; pear-formed vases with two perforated 

 lugs (fig. 2) ; flattened vases of fine coiled work with pairs of spur 

 projections around the shoulder (fig. 1), and the ordinary coiled vases 

 existing generally in the region (fig. 4). The globose bowl (fig. 3) 

 (Cat. No. 178822, U.S.N.M.) is washed on the upper portion only. 

 No decorations appear on the exterior of the bowls. The symbolism 

 is simple and is executed in the hachure and solid color common to the 

 gray pottery, but bands of lines are much used. There is much to 

 connect this pottery with the Casa Grandes region of Chihuahua. It 

 is said that bowls have been found in these ruins at Fort Bayard 

 which contain zooic designs in the circular field at the bottom. 



POTTERY OE BEAR CREEK CAVE. 



Illustrations of ware deposited as offerings are shown in figures 278 

 to 316, pages 117-122. They are of plain brown ware, sometimes 

 washed red; coiled ware; and were decorated with water color, but 

 no gray or pure red pottery vessels were found, indicating either a 

 ceremonial proscription as to the class of ware to be used for offer- 

 ings, or the absence of other types of pottery among the worshippers. 



POTTERY OF TULAROSA CAVE. 



The pottery and pottery fragments found in the Tularosa Cave 

 are of rude ware, and it appears that the Indians here did not possess 

 any of the finer vessels common in the ruins a few miles lower down 

 the river. The ware from the cave, however, is of the region and 

 consists of plain brown, scored coil, and some that may be classed 

 with gray type, but ver}^ rude, prevalent in the order named. A 



