62 



BULLETIN 87, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



% 



the custom of fire hardening wood is well-nigh universal. Similarly, 

 the finishing and shaping wood by means of coarse-grained stone is 

 observed here and stones bearing grooves both effecting the rubbing 

 of rods and fonned in the process are rela- 

 tively frequent (see fig. 17) and may often be 

 seen on stones in places near habitations. The 

 grooved stones used for finishing arrow fore- 

 shafts or other slender rods are simple com- 

 pared with the elaborated specimens from the 

 Gila Valley.i 



There is shown in figure 139, an interest- 

 ing specimen worked from a stick by scraping 

 and finished by rubbing, a process of forming 

 wood practiced by the Hopi who frequently 

 accomplish the work by attrition with gritty 

 stone alone. This is the head portion of a long 

 roundel staff and is painted in lively colors of 

 red, yellow, green, and black. 

 (Cat*. No. 4562, U.S.N.M., cave 

 near Silver City, New Mexico. 

 Length, 11 inches; diameter, 

 I inch.) A few examples of 

 carving in wood from this 

 region may be seen in figures 

 211 to 213. They are remark- 

 able instances of work Avith 

 stone tools. 



Tools of wood Avhich ex- 

 plain some of the methods of 

 wood working and which are 

 also interesting as implements 

 were found in greatest num- 

 Examples of these are shown 

 on plate 13 ; figure 1 is a digging stick, one end of 

 which has been reduced in size by the removal of a 

 sliver, sharpened by rubbing on a stone and pol- 

 ished by use. It is 20 inches long (Cat. No. 246456, 

 U.S.N.M.) ; 2 is a short piece of split wood burnt 

 at one end and probably used as a fire tender (Cat. 

 No. 246458, U.S.N.M.) ;"3 is the end of a wooden im- 

 plement very smoothly worn (Cat. No. 246458«, U.S.N.M.) ; 4 is a 

 complete digging stick ground comparatively thin at the work- 



FiG. 138. — Stone knife or 



DART HEAD FROM TULA- 



ROSA Cave. 



ber in Tularosa cave. 



Fig. 139. — Roundel 

 ROD FROM Silver 

 City, New Mex- 

 ico. 



1 Two Summers' Work in Pueblo Ruins, 22d Ann. Rept. Bur. Amer. Ethnologj', p. 182. 



