ANCIENT PUEBLOS OF UPPER GILA REGION. 



85 



Another variety of woven sandal has a thick sole (fig. 175 «, Cal. 

 No. 246692, U.S.N.M.) made of yucca-fiber cord woven over 12 warp 

 threads and strengthened with an extra reenforcement of thick cord 

 at the heel and where the ball of the foot rests. The side loops are 

 of hea\'y cord joassing through the thiclvcned border, and to these 

 loops are tied the cords which extend over the foot as a lacing. The 

 construction of the sandal may be seen more clearly at h (fig. 175). 



A specimen from Tularosa Cave is the most complete example of 

 highly specialized footwear found in America. It is really a mocca- 

 sin and is the nearest approach to that form of shoe attained by the 

 vandal-wearing peoples. The resemblance of this shoe to the speci- 

 men described under fig- 

 ure 175 will be seen, but 

 the latter stands one de- 

 gree lower in scale of in- 

 vention. The shoe (fig. 

 176 «, Cat. No. 246665, 

 U.S.N.M.) consists of a 

 woven sandal sole, 

 around the sides of which 

 loops are formed by rov- 

 ing in a strong fiber cord 

 at the edge. The upper 

 part of the shoe is se- 

 cured at the toe, formed 

 around the ankle, and 

 passes along the sides of 

 the foot. It is held in 

 place by a lashing cord 

 r u n n i n g through the 

 loops and over the foot. 

 (Fig. 176 h.) A feather 

 cord passes through loops 

 near the heel and around 

 the ankle, helping to 

 hold the shoe firmly to the foot. The structure of the shoe is shown 

 diagrammatically at c. The shoe is stuffed with shredded grass. 

 This remarkable shoe holds its shape perfectly and is warm and 

 comfortable, the feather cord also being ornamental. 



Another specimen of extraordinary footwear consists primarily of a 

 hea w sandal woven of yucca fiber and furnished with loops on the sides 

 and at the heel. (Fig. 177 a. Cat. No. 246663, U.S.N.M.) Attached 

 at the toe is a broad flap of wickerwork of brown fiber designed to 

 cover the front portion of the foot. With the sandal was worn a 

 heavy insole woven of strips of yucca leaf and padded with shredded 



Fig. 176. — Shoe-sandal from Tularosa Cave. 



