108 



BULLETIN 87, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



227. 228. 



Figs. 227, 228. — Ceremonial cigarettes from 

 Bear Creek Cave. 



of cord, as in figures 225 to 230. The prevailing color of the cord 

 is red. In cigarettes from a cave near Phoenix, Arizona, these wrap- 

 ping are replaced with a woven band of white cot- 

 ton. (Fig. 231.) Some of these cigarettes have 

 cords by which tliey were at- 

 tached to other offerings, as 

 bows (figs. 232, 233), and to 

 pahos. (See pi. 18.) Some- 

 times a large and small ciga- 

 rette or two of equal size are 

 tied together, conveying some 

 idea of the worshiper. (Figs. 

 234-236.) At other times 

 three and four are bound 

 together (figs. 237, 238), and in one specimen from a cave near 

 Phoenix, Arizona, four of these cigarettes are bound together with 

 cotton cord and held securely 

 by a coarse wrapping be- 

 tween the pairs of tubes. 

 (Figs. 239-240.) The offer- 

 ings appear to refer to the 

 four world quarter idea — 

 that is, the regions between 

 the cardinal points which 

 are assigned to nature gods, 

 natural phenomenon, and 

 life. (Cat. No. 263195, U.S.N.M., collected by F. E. Cooley.) 



Compound cigarettes are not often encountered, but small ciga- 

 rettes occur in myriads, evidently being offer- 

 ings of general import, possibly to the god 

 of fire. In the Tularosa Cave a number of 

 these cigarettes have been burned, 

 pierced, also, through the sep- 

 tum, apparently for the purpose 

 of smoking, as was the cus- 

 tom in ancient Mexico. The 

 contents of these cigarettes burn 

 with a pleasant odor, and there 

 230^EREMONiAL IS no questlon but that they 



Pig. 229. 



-Ceremonial cigarette from Bear 

 Creek Cavk. 



They were 



Fig. 



cigarette from Bear ^^g^e symboHc of offerings of in- 



Creek Cave. "^ ^ 



cense.^ 



Fig. 231. — Ceremo- 

 nial cigarette 



FROM PnOEN'IX, 



Arizona, 



Another class of these reed offerings is much larger, and instead 

 of being wrapped with cord a string of beads or a bit of shell orna- 



^ Censers and Incense of Mexico and Central .Vmerica. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 42, 

 pp. 109-137, with pis. .^-14, published Apr. 17, 1912. 



