118 



BULLETIN" 8*1, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



sometimes survived. It is probable that the beads found in the sands 

 of springs were thrown in with the offerings. The spring worship 

 is a part of the general attitude held by the Pueblo Indians toward 

 water in its several forms.^ 



280. 2S1. 



Figs. 279-282. — Pottery offerings from Gallo Spring. 



282. 



MOUNTAIN P.\HOS. 



The mountain worship, like the spring worship, has a continuous 

 history from ancient times, and it is possible that the sites of the 



Figs. 283-285. — Pottery offerings from Gallo Spring. 

 F\iG. 286. — Pottery offering from Bear Creek Cave. 



present shrines have been in use for many centuries. Some of the 

 shrines have accumulations of pottery or beads which would repre- 

 sent the gradual accretions of a long period. 

 The origin of this form of religious observ- 

 ance is thought to be connected with sky 

 worship; that is, the worship of beings 

 who can be approached on the heights. The 

 Pueblos generally, however, perceive the 

 connection of mountains with cloud forma- 

 tion and precipitation and venerate them as 

 sources of water. The Hopi, for instance, 

 call the San Francisco Mountains " Nuvati- 

 kiobi," the abode of the snow, and believe 

 it to be the house of certain cachinas. From this triple mountain, 

 which is in sight from a number of villages, the Hopi can see the 



Fig. 287. — Pottery offering 

 FROM Gallo Spring. 



1 Sacred Springs in the Southwest, Records of the Past, vol. 5, pt. 6, June, 1906, pp. 

 163-169. 



