ANCIENT PUEBLOS OF UPPER GILA REGION. 129 



Snake pahos were offered in the springs by the ancient Pueblos and 

 fragments of these votive objects have been recovered. A specimen 

 of snake paho in the National Museum comes from the head of Eagle 

 Creek, Arizona. It is formed from a crooked root, smoothed and 

 painted with bands of black and green on one side, with grooves and 

 black and red stripes on the other side. (Fig. 337.) The head of 

 this interesting object is missing. The specimen was found in a 

 cave by Bryan D. Horton 

 and is without doubt an 

 offering. (Cat. No. 2161, 

 U.S.N.M. Length, 

 inches.) 



From Tularosa Cave, fig. 337.-snake paho from eaglb crebk. 



New Mexico, was secured a section of reed, the lower end closed by 

 the septum aiid the other formed with a flap that has been bent over 

 with heat. (Fig. 338.) A band of burnt decoration is drawn below 

 the hilum. The use of this curious vessel is not known, but it may 

 have been an offering. (Cat. No. 246292, U.S.N.M. Length, 4^ 

 inches. ) 



Great quantities of slender dressed rods the length of a bow and 

 one-fourth inch in diameter, painted in red, black, white, bl»ae, green, 

 and yellow, usually in simple patterns, wferel found 

 in the Bear Creek and other caves. Son\e of these 

 rods were found attached to bows of standard size 

 deposited against the back wall of the ca^ye. They 

 remind one of the rod of the War God al^ar of the 

 Zuhi figured by Mrs. Stevenson.* A gre^t deposit 

 of these rods was found in a cave on the Gila near 

 Solomonsville, Arizona, by Dr. J. Walter Fewkes.^ 

 Their use and meaning is conjectural. Occasionally 

 they were bundled as torches. (See fig. 246.) 



A number of objects made of thin strips of wood 

 Fig. 338.— Reed and masses of pith and painted are grouped on 



PAHO FROM Tula- l j r>/> T^- /% -I-. r>t T ^^ , ,, 



ROSA Cave. P^^te 26. P igures 9, 11, 25, and 26 represent bull- 



roarers, not differing in shape from those used at 

 present by the Hopi and Zuni. Figures 21 to 24 are masses of pith 

 of Ambrosia painted red and spitted on a wooden splint or sewed 

 together with yucca cord arranged in series or set at right angles. 

 They appear to be related to the frog spawn pahos of the Hopi. 

 Figures 19 and 20 are pith cylinders into the axis of which at one 

 extremity is fixed a yucca cord. Their meaning has not been ascer- 

 tained. The meaning of the small painted rectangular tablets (figs. 

 17-18) is also conjectural. Figures 1-4, 6, and 8 represent flowers 



1 23d Ann. Rept., Bur. Amcr. Ethnology. 



2 22d Ann. Rept., Bur. Amcr. Ethnology. 



14278°— Bull. 87-14 10 



