Figure 7. — 181 3: Thomas Martin illustrated on one plate the tools of the carpenter and joiner dividing them as follows: 

 the tools most useful to the carpenter, the axe (7), adz (6), saw (24), socket chisel (13), firmer chisel (5), auger (i), gimlet 

 (3), gauge (16), square (9), compass (36), hammer (21), mallet (22), hookpin (11), crow (12), plumb rule (18), and 

 level (19); and the tools most often associated with joinery, the jack plane (30), trying plane (31), smoothing plane (34), 

 tenon saw (25), compass saw (26), keyhole saw (27), square (8), bevel (23), gauge (17), mortise chisel (4), gouge (14), 

 turnscrew (15), plow plane (29), molding plane (35), pincers (37), bradawl (10), stock and bit (2), sidehook (20), work- 

 bench (28), and rule (38). The planes are of particular interest since they show clearly a change in form from those 

 previously illustrated. (Thomas Martin, The Circle oj the Mechanical Arts, London, 1813.) 



PAPER 51: WOODWORKING TOOLS, 16 00-1900 



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