as Jamestown, Kecoiightan, Willianisbury;, and Rose- 

 well. It may have originated in England. 

 North Devon* gr.^vel-tempered ware. — The coarse 

 kitchenware made in Bideford and Barnstaple and in 

 the snrroirnding English villages of North Devon is 

 represented by only two sherds. This ware is char- 

 acterized by a dull, reddish-pink body, usually dark- 

 gray at the core, and by a gross waterworn graxel 

 temper. It occurs in contexts as early as 1650 at 

 Jameslown and as late as 1740-1760 at Williamsburg. 

 One of the Marlborough sherds is part of a large pan. 

 It is glazed with a characteristic amber lead glaze 

 (USNM 60.202). The other sherd is a portion of an 

 unglazed handle, probably from a potlid (USNM 

 59.1679, ill. 15).'"^ 



Slip-lin'Ed REDVv.'SiRE. — Numerous 18th-century sites 

 fronr Philadelphia to Williamsburg have yielded a 

 series of bowls and poningers characterized by in- 

 terior linings of slip that is streaked and mottled with 

 manganese. These are glazed on both surfaces, the 

 outer surface and a border above the slip on the inner 

 surface usually ginger-brown in color. Comparative 

 examples are a bowl from the Russell site at Lewes, 

 Delaware, dating from the first half of the 18th 

 century, and several pieces from pre-Revolutionary 

 contexts at Williamsburg. A deposit excavated by 

 H. Geiger Omwake near the south end of the Lewes 

 and Rehoboth Canal in Delaware included sherds 

 from a context dated late 17th- to mid- 18th cen- 

 turies."* Several fragments of bowls occur in the 

 Marlborousjh materia! (USNM 59.1613, 59.1856, 

 fig- Wg). 



English yellowovark. — The few sherds of .so-called 

 combed ware occurring at Marlborough, although 

 only the base fragments connect, all seem to ha\e 

 come from a single cup or posset pot having a buff 

 body and characteristically decorated with spiraled 

 bnnds of dark-brown slip that were created by comb- 

 ing through an outer coating of white slip, revealing 

 an underlaycr of red slip. The vessel was glazed 

 with a clear lead glaze (USNM 59. 1 700, fig. 64c, ill. 16). 



Comparative dated examples of this ware include a 

 posset pot dated 1 735."* A chamber pot bearing 

 the same kind of striping was excavated by the Na- 

 tional Park Service at Fort Frederica, Georgia (1736- 

 ca. 1750). A piece similar to that from Marlborough 

 was found in the Roscwell deposit, and another in 

 the Lewis Morris house site, Morrisania, .New York."" 

 .\lthough this type of ware was introduced in England 

 about 1680, its principal u.se in America seems to 

 have occurred largely between 1725 and 1775. 

 Archeological evidence is corroborated by newspaper 

 advertisements. In 1733 the Boston Gazette advertised 

 "yellow ware Hollow and Flat by the Crate" and 

 again in 1737 "yellow and Brown Earthenware." 

 In 1763 the Gazette mentioned "Crates of Yellow- 

 Liverpool Ware," Liverpool being the chief place of 

 export for pottery made in Staffordshire, the principal 

 source for the combed wares.''* 



Buckley ware. — I. Noel Hume has identified a 

 class of high-fired, black-glazed earthenware found 

 in many 18th-century sites in Virginia. He has 

 done so by reference to The Buckley Potteries, 

 by K. J. Barton,"^ and to waster sherds in his 

 possession from the Buckley kiln sites in Flintshire, 

 North Wales. The ware probably was made in other 

 potteries of the region also. This durable pottery, 

 more like stoneware than earthenware, is represented 

 by a large number of jar and pan fragments. Two 

 body types occur, each characterized by a mixture of 

 red and bufT clay. In the more usual type the red 

 clay dominates, with laminations and striations of 

 buff clay running through it in the manner of a coarse 

 sort of agateware. The other is usually grayish buff 

 with red streaks, although sometimes the body is almost 

 entirely buff, still showing signs of lamination. The 

 glaze is treacly black, often applied unevenly and 

 sometimes pitted with air bubbles. The body surfaces 

 have conspicuous turning ridges. Rims are usually 

 heavy and flat, sometimes as wide as 1 % inches. A 

 variant of the ware is represented in a milk pan with a 



''* C. .Malcolm W atkins, "North Devon Pottery and Its 

 Export to America in the 17th Century," (paper 13 in Con- 

 Irihutions from the Museum o] History and Technology: Papers 12-18, 

 U.S. National Museum Bulletin 225, by various authors; 

 Washington: .Smithsonian Institution, 1963), 1960. 



'"The Russell site was excavated by members of the Sussex 

 /\rcheological Society of Lewes, Delaware. .Artifacts from the 

 site are now in the Smithsonian Institution, as are those found 

 by H. Geiger Omwake at the end of the Lewes and Rehoboth 

 Canal. 



'^*JoHN Eliot Hodgkins, F.S..^., and Edith Hodgkins, 

 Examples o] Early English Pottery, .Named, Dated, and Inscribed 

 (London, 1897), p. 57, fig. 128. 



'■'J. E. Messh.\m, B. .\., and K. J. Harton, "The Buckley 

 Potteries," Flintshire Historical Society Publications, vol. 16, 

 pp. 31-87. 



'" George Francis Dow, The Arts and Crafts in Mew England, 

 n6i-1775 (Topsfield, Mass., 1927), pp. 84, 85, 92. 



1" Messham and Barton, loc. cit. (footnote 177). 



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