The 3-Masted Schooner J. S. Hoskim, built by the New England Ship Building Company, Bath, Maine, for 

 Emerson Rokes, of Baltimore, Maryland. Launched October 26, 1886, her register dimensions were 193.9' '^ 

 34.2' X 1 1.5', 411.56 gross tons. Her captain was Joshua A. Rich. (Smithsonian photo 44^88.) 



to be built almost entirely for bulk cargoes, so there 

 was a need for schooners larger than was practical 

 for the 2-inasted rig. 



The 3-masted schooner was found to be the solution, 

 so far as economy in operation was concerned, to the 

 shift to bulk cargoes in the sailing coasting trade of 

 the 1850's. As has been noted (p. 21), the 3-masted 

 schooner apparently came into being quite late in 

 the 18th century. It had been popular at Baltimore 

 and vicinity about 1800, but not elsewhere. Between 

 that time and 1850, however, a few were built outside 

 the Chesapeake; and during the 1850"s and right after 

 the end of the Civil War a number were built for 

 coasting and ocean freighting. Most of the early ones 

 were relatively sharp models with a rising straight 

 floor amidships, a full, round bilge, and tumble- 

 home in the topside. The entrance was moderately 

 long and sometimes fairly sharp, with cons'ex lines. 



The run was of moderate length and often quite fine, 

 and the sheer rather straight. These first 3-masters 

 were, in fact, strongly influenced by the clipper-ship 

 fashion and therefore many had very short and light 

 heads, mere gammon knees fitted with some simple 

 decoration. 



It was soon found that the sharp-model 3-mastcr 

 did not pay in the coastal trade and for this reason the 

 model had to be altered. By 1875 two types of 

 3-master were in use. One was the centerboard 

 model, having a shoal-draft hull with rather fiat floor 

 amidships, a low and sometimes hard bilge, and 

 tumble-home in the topside. Some of this type had a 

 rather long and sharp convex entrance combined 

 with a long and markedly flat run; the sheer was 

 quite strong and the rig large. These were often very 

 swift sailers. Some had two centerboards and others 

 one; if a single one was used it was often placed 



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