1838, when the Chesapeake Bay region began to build 

 brigantines very like tlie New England type, but 

 with a mucli finer entrance and run and with a very 

 flaring bow section. By 1840 they had produced a 

 clipper brigantine having many of the hull-design 

 features that were to mark the clipper class (see p. 73) 

 of the 1850's, and as the clipper ships became fashion- 

 able, the New England brigantine builders followed 

 the style set by the Bay builders. 



By then however, the size of brigantines had in- 

 creased and builders in New York, and later in New 

 England and Maryland, were launching brigantines 

 whose hull design was that of the clipper ship, in which 

 the floor was carried w-ell fore-and-aft and the buttocks 

 had marked reverse curves as the counter was ap- 

 proached. These vessels sometimes had long quarter- 

 decks reaching to the foremast, or beyond. Another 

 variation, used in some New-England-built brigan- 

 tines and 3-masted schooners, was to carry what had 

 earlier been the raised quarter-deck from the level of 

 the rail height aft to the level of the main-deck at stem, 



in a long, flush deck that did not follow the outward 

 sheer of the hull. The turncd-stanchion-and-cap rail 

 was carried to the foremast, or thereabouts, in these 

 vessels and, eventually, this rail was brought to the 

 knightheads. 



A number of barkentines, 3-masted vessels with 

 square sails on the foremast only and fore-and-aft 

 rigged on the main and mizzen, were built for both 

 coasting and for the ocean trades after 1850. This 

 rig became popular on the West Coast, and some very 

 fine wooden barkentines were launched on the North- 

 west Coast. On the Great Lakes, 2-masted schooners 

 with square-topsails on the foremast gave place to 3- 

 masters in the 1850's and 1860's. Gradually a distinc- 

 tive type of 3-master developed in the Lake trades in 

 which the hull was long, narrow and rather full ended 

 and wall sided, the entrance short and moderately full, 

 the run short but often rather fine, and the hull fitted 

 with a centerboard. The rig sometimes had a short 

 mizzen-mast, and a large square course was .set on the 

 foremast and above it either a square topsail or a 



Deck of the 4-Masted Schooner Sam G. .\ferisel, built in Maine, iqi?- (Smithsonian photo 38454-e.) 



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