deep head, trails and headrail, cutwater, keel, 

 post, rudder, and false hammock rails. Ports are 

 painted, naval fashion. 



Brigs of this type had sharply rakinc masts and were 

 very heavily sparred and canvassed; the antithesis of 

 the Gushing fleet of brigs. The Baltimore clipper 

 as early as 1790 had an international reputation, 

 which it maintained well into the 1850's, for fast 

 sailing and weatherliness. 



The model is for a brig 112 feet moulded length 

 at rail, 105 feet 6 inches between perpendiculars, 26 

 feet 6 inches moulded beam, 12 feet 8 inches movilded 

 depth, 14 feet draft at post, and about 255 tons register, 

 old measurement. Scale of the model is % inch to 

 the foot. 



Given by John N. Gushing of Newburyport, 

 Massachusetts. 



The original proposal for building this vessel was 

 a simple statement of cost: 



$10, 765 



This half-model is one of the few of Baltimore 

 clippers that have survived from the period prior to 

 1850 and the only one known of a full-rigged brig 

 other than a few half-models of naval brigs of this 

 type. It is believed that many Ghcsapeake Bay builders 

 were late in turning to the half-model as a method of 

 design, and that they retained the old draught, or 

 lines plan, far later than was usual elsewhere; hence 

 there may have been relati\'ely few builders' half- 

 models before 1840. 



MERCHANT BRIGANTINE, 1846 

 Builder's Half-Model, usnm 76140 



Wafson 



The brigantine-rigged coaster Watson was built on 

 this half-model at Sedgwick, Maine, in 1846. She 

 was designed for the South Atlantic coastal and the 

 West Indian trades, and was typical of a large number 

 of small Maine-built traders of this period. Though 

 she was only 146 tons register, old measurement, she 

 was considered a large vessel of her class when built. 

 These sinall Maine-built Ijrigantines, usually low 



decked, with a short, high quarterdeck, were very 

 profitable for many years and were commonly long- 

 lived and inexpensive craft. The Watson carried the 

 usual cargoes in the West Indian trade: New England 

 lumber (white pine building material, laths, and 

 shingles) south and sugar and molasses north. The 

 South Atlantic ports also received inanufactures such 

 as machinery, hardware, finished fabrics, furniture, 

 and "notions" and shipped north yellow pine and tar 

 or turpentine. By 1840 the New England shipyards 

 were using the longleaf southern pine for planking 

 and ceiling and, of course, the marine stores, tar and 

 turpentine. 



The half-model represents a brigantine-rigged 

 vessel having moderate sheer, a straight keel of little 

 or no drag, ciu'ved and raking stem rabbet, slightly 

 raking post, round tuck, upper-and-lower-transom 

 square stern, a short and rather full entrance, and a 

 well formed run of moderate length. The midsection 

 has a slightly rising straight floor, full round bilge, 

 and a slight tumble-home in the topside. 



Mounted with short, heavy head, cutwater, keel, 

 post, and rudder. 



The model scales 90 feet moulded length at rail, 

 22 feet moulded beam, and 8 feet 6 inches moulded 

 depth. Scale is }i inch to the foot. 



Given by Joshua Watson, shipbuilder, Sedgwick, 

 Maine. 



MERCHANT BRIGANTINE, 1848 

 Builder's Half-Model, usnm 76124 



Teluli 



a 



The brigantine Telula was built on this hawk's-nest, 

 or crow's nest, half-model in 1848 at Gherryfield, 

 Maine, for the coastal trade. Vessels of this rig and 

 date usually carried a gaff foresail, or spencer, and 

 could work as well as a topsail schooner, yet with the 

 wind aft could run as well as a full-rigged brig. The 

 brigantine fitted with a spencer on her foremast was 

 sometimes called a schooner, or hermaphrodite, brig. 

 The trading brigantines of this date were fitted to 

 give economical operation and were relatively in- 

 expensive vessels to build and fit. 



This half-model, a good example of the type, is made 

 with a backboard upon which the profile is marked 

 to show the height of the bulwarks, wales, and the 

 half breadths of the level lines are marked on the sec- 

 tions, which are to deck level. The stations are 

 marked and on each of these is a small board shaped 

 to sectional form, or to the mould of the individual 

 station. Battens are tacked to the sections, to hold 



68 



