The 3-Masted Schooner Cactus, built at Bath, Maine, in 1890. Her register dimensions were 149.4' •'^ 34-7' ^ 

 12.8', 534.59 gross tons. {Smithsonian photo 2-382-a.) 



Maryland, about 1890. These schooners, called 

 "rams," were intended to pass through the locks of 

 the old Chesapeake and Delaware Canal; they 

 usually had a centerboard and were limited in beam 

 and length by the size of the canal locks then existing. 

 This type of schooner normally had a short, high 

 quarterdeck and some had hunber bow ports. 



The half-model shows a rather long, narrow and 

 shoal centerboard schooner hull having much sheer, a 

 straight keel with little or no drag, a raking straight 

 stem rabbet with small rounded forefoot, an upright 

 post, short counter, and sharply raking and rather 

 shallow, flat transom. The entrance and run are 

 short and full; the hull is markedly parallel sided 

 and boxlike for most of its length. The midsection is 

 formed with a slightly rising straight floor, a low and 

 sharply rounded (almost angular) bilge, and a straight 

 and upright topside. 



The model, on a scale of Yi i"ch to the foot, is for a 



vessel 140 feet moulded length at rail, 25 feet moulded 

 beam and 9 feet 3 inches moulded depth, to deck. 

 Gift of James H. Allyn, Mystic, Connecticut. 



THREE-MASTED TRADING SCHOONER, 1920-21 

 Builder's Half-Model, usnm 316107 



Gaviota 



The three-masted trading schooner Gaviota was 

 built on the lines of this model at Catano, Puerto Rico, 

 by Guillermo Valello, in 1920-21 for the inter-island 

 trade. Considered a vessel suitable for her trade, 

 and of good model, the Gaviota capsized in San 

 Juan harbor, September 13, 1928, during the hurri- 

 cane "San Felipe," and was a total loss. 



The half-model shows a three-masted schooner hull 

 having straight sheer (the model was made this way 

 and so lofted; however, the hull was sheered after the 

 frames were set up) a straight keel rabbet with mod- 

 erate drag, angular forefoot, strongly raked stem 



87 



