slightly rounded at the forefoot. The ends are sharp 

 and the entrance is slightly longer than the run. 

 It has a shallow outside keel, a very slight rise in the 

 straight floor amidships, a rather easy round bilge, 

 and a slightly flaring topside. The canoe has two 

 thwarts, placed to leave the middle third of the hull 

 clear of obstruction, and no seats. The frames are 

 slight and steam-bent. 



The canoe is 9 feet in overall length, 26 inches beam, 

 6% inches deep inside, and weighs 11 pounds, dry, 

 without equipment. The paddles exhibited are one 

 very small single-bladed hunting-and-fishing sneak 

 paddle, 17 inches long with a blade 3 inches wide, 

 and a double-bladed traveling paddle with jointed 

 shank, 6 feet 1 inch in length. 



This canoe is described in some detail in the well- 

 known book. Woodcraft, by "Nessmuk." 



Donor not recorded. 



WOODEN CRUISING CANOE, li 

 Rigged Model, usnm 76083 



Capital 



This model represents a wooden, sailing and 

 paddling canoe, decked and with small cockpit, of a 

 type that was popular in the 1880's for racing and 

 cruising. These canoes, developed in the 1 870"s out 

 of adaptions of the Eskimo kayak, had become more 

 a sailing boat than a paddling canoe. The user 

 could sleep in the hull, whether afloat or ashore, by 

 crawling partly under the deck, the cockpit being 

 then covered with a tent or canopy. These canoes 

 were fitted with two masts and lateen sails and steered, 

 when sailing or being paddled, by a rudder fitted 

 with a yoke and steering lines; the latter were fitted 

 to a foot yoke inboard so the user could steer with 

 his feet while paddling and with his hands or feet 

 while sailing. 



The model shows a clench-planked double-ended 

 canoe hull, decked except an oval cockpit located 

 about amidships. The boat has a long, sharp en- 

 trance and an easy sharp run, a straight keel, a stem 

 nearly vertical and with very rounded forefoot, a 

 raking straight post, and graceful sheer. The mid- 

 section is formed with a slightly rising straight floor, 

 an easy round bilge, and an upright topside. 



The model, representing the canoe Capital, which 

 was built at Washington, D. C, by J. Passeno, an 

 amateur builder, shows a craft 18 feet 10 inches 

 overall length, 3 feet 6 inches beam, and 1 foot 5 

 inches extreme depth, and having the foremast 6 feet 



IK inches above deck, fore yard 14 feet 7)i inches 

 and the fore boom 12 feet long, the mainmast 3 feet 

 4}^ inches above deck, main yard 7 feet 8 inches 

 and main boom 6 feet 9 inches long. The double- 

 bladed paddle scales 9 feet 3 inches long. Scale of 

 the model is 2 inches to the foot. 

 Given by J. Passeno, Washington, D. C. 



CANVAS-COVERED WOODEN CANOE, 1907 

 Rigged Model, usnm 248063 



This model represents a type of canvas-covered 

 wooden canoe, manufactured by the Old Town 

 Canoe Company, Old Town, Maine, about 1907. 

 This class of canoe was intended for propulsion by 

 paddle only and was used for pleasure as well as for 

 hunting, fishing, and for woodland travel. In gen- 

 eral form they resembled the birch-bark canoes of the 

 American Indians, and the first of them produced at 

 Old Town for general sale were built by Penobscot 

 and Malecite Indians, but the model shown more 

 nearly resembles the last birch-bark canoes built by 

 the Chippewa and St. Francis tribesmen. The con- 

 struction, as developed, employed wide and thin, 

 closely spaced bent-frames overlaid with a complete 

 planking system and made watertight by a cover of 

 canvas stretched over and tacked to the hull. 



The model represents a canoe having a sharp en- 

 trance and run, straight keel with ends semicircular 

 in profile, and a sheer strong at the bow and stern 

 and moderate in the midbody. The midsection is 

 rather U-shaped, having an almost flat floor, an easy 

 round bilge, and a slight tumble-home in the topside. 

 The middle third of the length is unobstructed; on 

 each end of this open space are narrow thwarts and 

 caned seats, with two more thwarts and seats near 

 each end of the hull. Gunwales are formed of two 

 strips each, one inside the frames and one applied 

 over the canvas co\er. In the model is a cap rail 

 over all, producing a "closed gunwale," but the cap 

 rail was normally omitted; woodsmen preferred the 

 "open gunwales," which allowed the canoe to be 

 easily cleaned of sand or mud that collected inboard. 



Scale of the model is 3 inches to the foot (':,' fidl 

 size), so that the model represents a canoe about 16 

 feet 4 inches overall length, 3 feet extreme beam, and 

 1 foot 2 inches depth. Model is painted green out- 

 board with \arnished outer gunwale, cap, and 

 exposed inboard surfaces. 



Gi\en by the Old Town Canoe Company, Old 

 Town, Maine. 



101 



