fisheries, and great efibrts had been expended upon 

 improving mackerel seines, dories, and trawl gear. 



Thomas F. McManus, son of a noted Boston sail- 

 maker, began designing fishing schooners as a hobby 

 in 1892. A fish dealer at the time, his first designs 

 were for schooners that were fast-sailing but not very 

 good fishing vessels, a problem he soon overcame: by 

 1896 he was designing excellent schooners. He intro- 

 duced the rounded stem profile of the contemporary 

 small yacht into the fishing fleet with notaiJy success- 

 ful schooners known as "Indian Headers'"; the first of 

 these was launched in 1898. The name of this type 

 was the result of the early schooners having the names 

 of noted American Indians. 



Another designer of note was Captain George "Mel" 

 McLain of Rockport, Massachusetts. He had turned 

 to modeling schooners in the early 1880's and, after 

 the Fredonia was built, employed the basic principles 



of her form to produce extremeh handsome schooners 

 of great speed, superior in every way to the Fredonia. 

 McLain turned out the designs of some of the noted 

 flyers of the Gloucester fleet during the heyday of the 

 sailing schooner, 1890 to 1910. 



In 1900 another yacht designer, B. B. Crowninshield 

 of Boston, began designing fishing schooners. He in- 

 troduced the long overhang of the contemporary sail- 

 ing yacht, as well as a short, straight keel having very 

 great drag, a very raking sternpost, and a much cut 

 away forefoot formed with an angular break at the fore 

 end of the keel and continuing to the rail at the stem 

 in a fair, unbroken line; this profile was found so prac- 

 tical and satisfactory that it soon became standard 

 and was long known as the "fisherman profile." 



McManus, who until the Crowninshield schooners 

 appeared had made his keels a fair cm-ve from heel of 

 post downward and then upward, fairing them into a 



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