lor this reason remained popular until later designs 

 produced deeper, narrower, and equally fast vessels, 

 showing that speed and safety could exist together in 

 a fishing schooner. The builders of the Ivanhoe pro- 

 duced a large niunber of vessels much like her in 

 model, and Poland was one of the leading designers 

 of the shoal, clipper fishing schooners. 



The half-model shows a shoal schooner having a 

 straight keel w4th moderate drag, graceful sheer, 

 raking stem and longhead, a short counter ending in a 

 broad and shallow elliptical transom well-curved 

 athwartships, with much rake and heavy quarters, a 

 long, somewhat hollow and very sharp entrance, and 

 a long, flat and fine run. The mid.section shows a 

 slightly hollow rising floor, hard bilge, and some 

 tumble-home in the topside. Scale of half-model is 

 ]i inch to the foot, producing a schooner about 87 feet 

 on the rails, 22 feet moulded beam, and 7 feet 9 inches 

 depth of hold. The model shows the deep outside 

 keel of her type. 



Given by Daniel Poland, Jr., shipbuilder, Glouces- 

 ter, Massachusetts. 



FISHING SCHOONER, 1880 

 Builder's Half-Model, usnm 34434 



John M. Smartj Emma S. Osier 



The inshore fisheries market boats ^ohn M. Smart of 

 Portsmouth, New Hampshire, and the Emma S. Osier 

 of Gloucester, Massachusetts, were built from this 

 model by John Bishop at Gloucester in 1880. Swift 

 sailing was a highly prized quality among vessels of 

 this class of fresh fishermen making trips to the in- 

 shore grounds. Usually called "schooner boats," 

 they were commonly under 60 feet in overall length, 

 and due to the prevailing winds it was highly desirable 

 that they be weatherly and carry sail well. 



The half-model shows an extreme clipper schooner 



with a long and sharp entrance, with some hollow 

 near the stem, the greatest beam about amidships, 

 and a long, easy run ending in a rather short counter 

 and a wide elliptical transom with rather heavy quar- 

 ters. The stem rabbet rakes smartly and flares for- 

 ward; the head is long, beaked, and hand.some; the 

 post rakes slightly; and the keel is straight and has 

 some drag. The sheer is lively and graceful; the 

 model represents a strikingly handsome small schooner 

 of the period. The midsection shows a steeply rising 

 floor with a very slight hollow, a quick turn of bilge, 

 and a slight tumble-home in the topside. As usual, 

 in vessels from this builder's yard, the flare forward is 

 slight; the sections near the bow are roimdcd rather 

 than hollow and flaring. 



Scale of half-model is J4 inch to the foot, giving a 

 vessel that measures about 56 feet over the rails, about 

 49 feet 9 inches between perpendiculars, 1 5 feet 4 

 inches moulded beam, about 5 feet depth of hold, and 

 drawing 6 feet 3 inches at the post and 3 feet 9 inches 

 forward. These schooners had the market-boat rig; 

 they were large for their class and date. 



Given by John Bishop, shipbuilder, Gloucester, 

 Massachusetts. 



FISHING SCHOONER, 1880 

 Builder's Half-Model, usnm 34419 



This model is an early design for a large mackerel- 

 seining schooner by George M. ("Mel") McLain of 

 Rockport, Massachusetts, who later designed a large 

 number of fishing schooners. His models were dis- 

 tinguished by grace and beauty and the vessels built 

 from them were commonly swift and successful. This 

 style of schooner was usually employed in fishing only 

 during the summer. In winter the vessels either car- 

 ried freight coastwise, if capacity permitted, or trans- 

 ported oysters or fruit to New England from southern 

 ports. 



Deck Plan of Mackerel Seining .Schooner of about 1885. From G. Brown Goode, The fisheries and fishery 

 industries of the United States, Washington, Government Printing Office, 1884-87. 



216 



