stern is Ibniied with a strongly raking V-transom 

 with the rudder stock Ijronght up through its heel, 

 steering with a tiller. The sheer is great. The 

 entrance is long and sharp, with some hollow at the 

 forefoot; the run is of moderate length, with rather 

 flat buttocks. The midsection is formed with a rising 

 floor, moderately hard bilge, and flaring topside, the 

 sections near the stern over the skeg having some 

 hollow in the garboards. The boat shown was half- 

 decked, with live wells on each side of the centerboard 

 case; larger boats had trunk caisins forward, usually 

 U "shaped so that, in plan, the cabin sides and 

 coamings formed an oval. 



Scale of the model is 1 inch to the foot. The boat 

 shown w'ould be 24 feet 6 inches at gunwale, 10 feet 

 6 inches beam, 4 feet 6 inches from keel rabbet to 

 gunwale amidships, and drew about 2 feet 6 inches 

 with centerboard raised; bowsprit 9 feet outside the 

 stem, mast 26 feet 6 inches abo\'e deck, main boom 

 26 feet, and gaff 11 feet 6 inches. Boats up to about 

 24 feet in length did not usually have shrouds, but 

 the larger iaoats often had one or two on a side. The 

 bowsprit was usually made of a wide plank and was 

 hogged down outijoard the stem. The type remained 

 in use in the commercial fisheries on the Sound until 

 about 1914-15, particularly in the oyster fishery. 



Given by Captain H. C. Chester. Restored by 

 Merritt Edson, 1958. 



MENHADEN CARRY-AWAY BOAT, 1865 

 Builder's Half-Model, usnm 54341 



This model represents the type of menhaden 

 fishing boats used immediately after the Ci\'il War; 

 these were soon replaced by small sloops, which as 

 early as 1871 began to be replaced by steamers. 

 It was employed to build tweKe boats at Greenport, 

 Long Island, in 1865. The boats worked in "gangs" 

 of three, with one of the three boats in the "gang" 

 acting as seine boat, the other two as carry-away boats. 



The boats were open, double-ended caravel-built 

 hulls, with one mast well forward: they had a gaff 

 rig, the gaff rather short and the boom long. The 

 boats ijuilt on this model were reported very fast 

 sailers and stiff" when carrying sail in a breeze. It is 

 said that the first boats to be employed in the men- 

 haden fishery were the Block Island "cowhorns" 

 and that this model represents the result of the ex- 

 perience with Block Island boats. 



The half-model represents a wide, shoal, double- 

 ended hull having strong sheer, a straight keel with 



some drag, and a strongly rounded stem and sternpost, 

 with a curved rudder himg outboard on the latter. 

 The midsection is formed with a slightly rising straight 

 floor, and a slack, well-rounded bilge, with slightly 

 flaring topsides. The bow sections flare somewhat 

 and the after sections near the stern flare to a greater 

 degree. The model resembles the whaleboat, or 

 Gloucester seine boat, in profile but is more burden- 

 some and wider than either. 



Scale of the model is 1 inch to the foot, to measure 

 about 35 feet 10 inches at the rail, 13 feet 10 inches 

 moulded beam, 3 feet 8 inches moulded depth, and 

 drawing aliout 3 feet 3 inches aft and 2 feet 8 inches 

 forward. In lieu of a centerboard. the keel is quite 

 deep ijelow the rabbet. 



Gi\'en by Charles A.Jackson. 



MENHADEN CARRY-AWAY SLOOP, 1875 

 Rigged Model, usnm 57029 



This model represents the small sloops that soon 

 after the Civil War replaced the double-ender boats 

 (shown by ijuilder's half-model usnm 54341) in the 

 menhaden fishery on Long Island Sound. As with the 

 double-enders. three such sloops made up a sailing 

 gang, two boats usuallv working the purse seine and 

 the third carrying away the catch to market or plant. 

 By 1885 these gangs were oijsolete, and the men- 

 haden steamers were driving the sloops out of the 

 fishery. 



These sloops were shoal, yacht-like, centerboard 

 craft ha\ing a long, sharp entrance, fine run, strong 

 sheer, straight keel with some drag, upright post, 

 strongly raking V-shaped transom with rudderpost 

 passing through its heel, and a raking stem rabbet 

 with longhead of moderate length. The midsection 

 was formed with a slightly rising straight floor, low, 

 round and firm liilge, and rather upright topside. 

 Amidships was a cargo hold entered through a large 

 hatch, aft was a small cai)in trunk, and forward of the 

 mast a windlass. 



Scale of the model is '•> inch to the foot; at this scale 

 the sloop shown would measure 43 feet 6 inches on 

 deck, 14 feet beam, 3 feet 6 inches draught at post, 

 hatchwav amidships 14 feet long and 8 feet wide, 

 mainmast 45 feet 6 inches above deck, bowsprit 15 

 feet outside rabbet at deck, topmast 22 feet 6 inches 

 total length, main boom 44 feet, main gaff 21 feet, 

 and sharpie skiff" 11 feet 9 inches long and 4 feet 

 beam. 



The sloops carried a large gaff-mainsail, a jiij- 

 headed gaff-topsail, a large single jib, and a jib topsail. 



268 



