Contents 



Page 



Introduction 1 



1. Early History 7 



2. Materials and Tools 14 



3. Form and Construction 27 



Form 27 



Construction 36 



4. Eastern Maritime RcEjion 58 



Micmac 58 



Malccitc 70 



St. Francis 88 



Bcothuk 94 



5. Central Canada 99 



Eastern Cree 101 



TetesdeBouie 107 



Altjonkin 113 



Ojilnvay 122 



Western Cree 132 



Fur-trade Canoes 135 



6. Northwestern Canada 154 



Narrow-Bottom Canoe 155 



Kayak-Form Canoe 1 58 



Sturgeon-Nose Canoe 168 



7. Arctic Skin Boats: by Howard I. Chaprlte 174 



The Umiak 181 



The Kayak 1 90 



8. Temporary Craft 212 



Bark Canoes 212 



Skin Boats 219 



Retrospect 221 



Appendix: The Kavak Roll, hyjo/m D. /^nM 223 



Bibliography 231 



Index 235 



