/e/7^^/> oyera/^ /6'?', oyer aurn*/a/ef Z^'O" 

 Secern 37". /nj/eifr Qun*^a/^f JSi" 





/(y?^ Ao/e" 0///>ivay Canoe 

 Seam J-^ ~ /nj/c^e go 



The Old Form of Ojibvvay qU-Fathom Canoe of the eastern groups (above^, 

 and the long-nose Cree-Ojibway canoe of the western groups. 



At Lake Timagami, north of Georgian Bay in 

 Ontario, the Ojibway used a low-ended canoe with 

 a remarkably straight tumble-home stem profile; the 

 forefoot had a very short radius ending at the bottom 

 line with a knuckle, and the stem-head stood slightly 

 above the gunwale caps. The stem-piece was made 

 from a thin plank cut to profile; thus no lamination 

 was necessary. The headboard stood straight, falling 

 inboard slightly at the head. The midsection was 

 dish-shaped, with a flat bottom athwartships and 

 strongly flaring sides, the turn of the bilge being rather 

 abrupt. The ends were strongly V-shaped in cross- 

 section; a number of the frames there being "broken" 

 at the centerline of the bottom. A canoe of this design 

 was seen by Adney at North Bay, Ontario, in 1925, 

 indicating that the design may have been used in 

 some degree outside the Lake area in later years. 



The most common Ojibway model used to the 

 northwest and west of Lake Superior was the so-called 

 "long-nose" form, a rather straight-sheered canoe. 

 The bottom, near the ends, had a slight rocker, and 



the sheer turned up very sharply there, becoming 

 almost perpendicular at the extremities, yet the ends 

 were not proportionally very high. The end-profile 

 came up from the bottom very full and round, then 

 fell sharply inboard in a slightly rounded sweep to 

 join the upturned sheer well inboard. The midsection 

 was somewhat dish-shaped, but with well-rounded 

 bilges, so that the flare of the topsides was rounded 

 and not very apparent to the casual observer. The 

 end section developed into a tumble-home form, so 

 that a section through the top of the headboard 

 was rather oval. As a result, these canoes appeared 

 rather clumsy and unfair in their lines, but this 

 apparently did not harm their paddling qualities or 

 seaworthiness. 



These canoes had narrow headboards that were 

 sharply bellied, somewhat like those in the crooked 

 canoes, and the belly was sufficient to allow the heel 

 of the end-board to pass under the bottom sheathing 

 and inside the bark cover so that two end ribs served 

 to hold the heel in place. The inside stem-piece was 



125 



