Bonshere River, Ontario, 1 1 3 



hwttom-frame, kayak-form canoe, 160 ff. 



bow drill, 1 9, 20 



breakwater, canoe, 162, 166, 167; kayak, 196 



British Columbia, 5; kayak-form canoe, 165; sturgeon-nose 

 canoe, 168 



bucksaw, 23 



building bed, locating, 37; preparation of, 37; stakes, 40, 

 41, 45 ff., 146, 148; repair to, 41; of plank, 56, 146, 

 147; Micmac, 62, 63; Malecite, 72, 73, 74; St. 

 Francis, 91, 92; Beothuk, 96, 97; Eastern Cree, loi; 

 Algonkin, 116; Ojibway, 127; Western Cree, 132; 

 fur-trade, 146, 147; narrow-bottom, 158; kayak-form, 

 i6i; sturgeon-nose, 173; temporary canoe, 216, 219 



building frame, 26, 37, 54 ff.: Eastern Cree, loi; Algonkin, 

 115, 116; Ojibway, 127; Western Cree, 132; fur- 

 trade, 140, 141, 146, 147; narrow-bottom, 158; 

 kayak-form, 161 ; sturgeon-nose, 173 



buUboat, 220 



butternut bark, 213 



camber (rocker of bottom), 28, 37, 38, 41 (see also rocker) 

 canoe, birch bark, Adney on, 4 ff.; scale models of, 4, 5; 

 plans of 5, 6; speed of, 7, 29, 137; origin of name, 13; 

 requirements for, 27; types, 27; forms discussed, 27- 

 36 ff., 59 (see also under tribal types); tribal classifi- 

 cation, 27 ff. (see under tribal names); effects of bark 

 characteristics on, 29 ff.; construction discussed, 36-57 

 (see also under tribal types); compared with Eskimo 

 skin boat, 193 

 elm bark, 212, 219 

 hickory bark, 213, 217 



skin, 219-221; moosehide, 72, 219; temporary, 219-221 

 spruce bark, 132, 158, 212, 213, 216 

 temporary, 219-221 

 canoe awl, 2 1 



canoe birch (see under bark) 

 canoe brigade, 1 52 



canoe building, Trois Rivieres factory, 13, 135, 136; for 

 fur trade, 135, 136, 146 ff. ; 148 ff., at Hudson's Bay 

 Company Posts, 151 

 canoe ends, details of construction, 34, 35, 36; Micmac, 58, 

 59; Malecite, 70, 76, 77, 155, 156; Chipewyan, 156, 

 157; Dogrib, 156, 157; slave, 157, 158; kayak-form, 

 158, 159; sturgeon-nose, 168 

 canoe loading, fur-trade, 144, 145, 152, 153 

 canoe portaging, 122, 151, 152 

 canoe roads, 138 

 canoe sails (see sails) 

 canoe shoes, Malecite, 79, 80 

 canoe types, Abnaki, 88-89 

 Alaskan, 55 

 Algonkin, i 13-122 

 Beaver, 159 

 Beothuk, 94-98 

 Big River, 58, 65 



canoe types, bateau-shape, 159-161 

 British Columbia, 165, 168 

 Chipewyan, 155-158 

 Cree, Central, 34; Eastern, 101-106; Western, 132-134, 



155 



crooked, 99, 100, 106 



Dogrib, 155-158 



express, 137, 141 



fur-trade (see under fur-trade) 



hunting (Micmac), 58, 65, 70 



kayak-form (see under kayak-form) 



light, 137, 141 



long nose, 125, 130, 132 



Loucheux, 161, 166 



Mackenzie Basin, 159, 161, 162 



Montagnais, 34, 99, 100, 106 



Malecite, 34, 36-57, 70-93, 1 14, 1 15, 219, 221 



Micmac, 12, 27, 34, 58-69 



Nahane, 159 



narrow-bottom, 113, 114, 135, 154-158 



Northwest, 154, 155-157 (narrow-bottom); 158-168 

 (kayak-form) 



Ojibway, 122-131 



one-piece, 2 12 



open-water, 58, 64, 65 



Passamaquoddy, 74, 75, 82, 83 



Peterborough, 65 



porpoise hunting, 74, 75 



portage, 58, 65, 123 



Restigouche, 65 



river (Malecite), 70-79 



St. Francis, 88-93, 114, 115 



skiff-canoe, 65 



Slave, 155-158 



straight-bottom, 100, loi, 106, 155 



sturgeon-nose, 154, 168-173 



temporary, 212-219 



Tetes de Boule, 34, 107-112, 116, 122 



V-bottom, 74 ff., 89, 96, 98, 100, 107, 1 13 



war, 10, 58, 65, 70 



wide-bottom, 54 



woods, 58, 65 



Western Cree, 72, 132-134, 155 



Yukon River, 159, 164, 165, 166, 190 

 canot (canoe), 13; du maitre (see fur-trade canoe), 99, 106, 

 135; du nord (see fur-trade canoe), 151, 153; leger 

 (see light canoe), 137 

 Cape York, 208 

 Carib Indians, 13 

 Caribou Eskimo kayak, 204 

 caribou-skin boat, 220 

 Cartier, Jacques, 7, 68 

 Cartwright, Lieut. John, 94, 95 



cedar, northern white, roots, 16; splitting qualities, 17, 18 

 Celts, 176 

 Champlain, Samuel de, 7, 10, 213 



236 



