NORTH AMERICAN LATER TERTIARY AND QUATERNARY BRYOZOA. 77 



CUPULARIA HAIDINGERI Reuss, 1847. 



Plate 1, figs. 13-17. 



1847. Lunuliles haidingeri Reuss, Die fossilen Polyparien des Wiener Tertiarbeckens, Haidinger's 



naturwissenschaftliche Abhandlungen, vol. 2, p. 58, pi. 7, fig. 26, 27. 

 1859. Cupularia denliadata Busk, Monograph Fossil Polyzoa of the Crag, Publications Paleontolo- 



graphical Society, p. 85, pi. 13, fig. 1. 

 1877. Cupularia haidingeri M.^nzoni, I Briozoi fossili del Miocene d'Austna ed Ungheria, parte 



2, Denkschriften der k. .\kademie der Wiasenschaften, Wien, vol. 37, p. 73, pi. 10, fig. 54. 

 1880 Cupularia haidingeri Seguen-z.^, La formazioni tergiarie nella Provincia di Reggie (Calabria), 



Reale Accademia dei Lincei, Memorie della Classe di Scienze Fisiche, Matematiche e 



Naturali, ser. 3, vol. 6, pp. 84, 131. 



. fL2 = 0.60 mm. 

 Measurements.— L,a.vge zooeciaj ^2 = 0.36-0.40 mm. 



Variations.— The place of the opercular valve is clearly indicated by a distal 

 arch limited by two symmetrical apophyses or condyles. The spinous processes 

 are flat, often very wide, claviform or finely denticulated: their number is five 

 (which includes the two oral apophyses) . Their form is inconstant, and we figure 

 some interesting variations. Our determination of the species has been verified 

 by specimens from Porzteich, Austria-Hungary. The internal face bears radial, 

 bifurcated, and tuberous ribs. . 



J^niHes.— This species differs from Cupuladria canariensis, Busk, 1859, in the 

 presence of spinous processes and in the absence of the large pores of the internal 

 face. It differs from Cupularia denticulata Conrad, 1841, in its larger and flatter 

 zoarial form, its larger zooecia, and in the larger tuberosities of the internal face. 



Geological distribution.— Uelvetinn of Italy (Seguenza) ; Tortonian of Italy 

 (Seguenza), of Austria-Hungary (Reuss); Redonnian of France (Canu) ; Plaisancian 

 of England (Busk) . 



CUPULARIA DOMA D'Orbigny, 1851. 



Plate 1, fig. 18; plate 15, figs. 1-5. 

 1851. mscofluslrellaria doma D'Orbigny, Pal^ontologie francaise, Terrain Cr<5tac6, vol. 5, Bryo- 



zoaires, p. 561. <-, ^ i t i 



1859. Cupularia johnsoni Busk, Zoophytology: On some Madeiran Polyzoa, Quarterly Journal 



Microscopical Science, vol. 7, p. 67, pi. 23, figs. 1-6. t- ■ o 



1872 Cupularia. doma Smitt, Floridan Bryozoa, collected by Count Pourtales, Kongl Svienska, 



Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, pt. 2, vol. 11, No, 4, p. 15, pi. 3, figs. 81-84 (not Busk, 



1877. Cupularia reussiana Manzoni, Bryozoaires du pliocene superieur de Tile de Rhodes, Me- 



moires de la SociiSte G^ologique de France, ser. 3, vol. 1, p. 67. 

 1909. Cupularia johnsoni Norman, Polyzoa of Madeira and neighboring islands, Journal Linnean 

 Society London, Zoology, vol. 30, p. 290, pi. 38, figs. 1-6. 

 Variations.— The spinous processes are flat or acuminate; there are even some 

 which are spatulate and some fimbriated. The two superior ones form two sym- 

 metrical condyles serving as pivot to the opercular valve. The others are three in 

 number- they are dissymmetrical, irregularly placed, without definite and constant 

 form, never'joined. The cryptocyst is more or less developed and its presence 

 considerably mochfies the aspect of the opesium. The internal face bears hydro- 

 static tuberosities (as usual), very inconstant in their size; they are generally very 

 lar<re but mav disappear almost totally. The zoarium is conical, higher than wide. 

 The two opesiules are formed by two rounded indentations symmetricaUy placed 

 below the condyles. 



