NORTH AMERICAN LATER TERTIARY AND QUATERNARY BRYOZOA. 115 



Fig. 18. — ^Anatomy of the Microporellae. 



A-D. Microporella ciliata Pallas, 1766. A. Profile view of free larva, X 75. B. Free larva, oral view, 

 showing the large radiating elements of the oral mesoderm, X 50. C. Free larva, aboral view, showing 

 radiating aspect of the calotte, 50. (A-C after Barrois, 1S77.) c, corona; cal, calotte (terminal bud); 

 CD, digestive cavity; ce, obscure part between the two branches of the stomach; mi, aboral mesoderm; 

 ms, oral mesoderm; 0, ciliated cleft; oc, oculitorm points; ph, pharynx; RV, border of the calotte. D. 

 Median sagittal section of an embryo in one of the last stages of development. (After Calvet, 1900.) 



E-I. Feneslndina malusi Audouin, 1826. E. Median sagittal section of an embryo just before it 

 emerges. (After Calvet, 1900.) In the course of the neuro-muscular bundles passing from the central 

 nerve organs to the pyriform organ some cellules are seen. The internal sack has a simple form almost 

 regularly cylindrical, c, mantle; cal, calotte (terminal bud); co, corona; d, tampon or inner sac; ecto, 

 ectoderm; epe, ectoderm thickening; epm, mesoderm tliickening;/c, ciliated cleft; /u're, neuro-muscular 

 bundle; one, central nervous organ of the embryo; pfse, sub-ectoderm nerve plexus; pplv, papilla of the 

 vibratile plume; si, internal s.ic; sqs, superior glandular system; sqi, inferior glandular system. F. 

 Basal view of a zooecium which has lost its polj'pide. (After Harmer, 1902.) 6, polypide bud; 66, 

 brown body; corn, cornicula; cs. compensatrix opening by the ascopore (m. p.);occZ, opercrmuscles;p. 

 c, dietellae; z, neighboring zooecia. G. Anterior view of a zooecium containing only a young polj-pide, 

 X 115. (after Jullien, 1888.) ca, cardiac region of the stomach; cacc, caecum of the stomach; corn, 

 cornicula; die, dietella; est, stomach; gt, tentacular sheath; ir, irisoid; mop, occlusor muscles of the oper- 

 culum; mrp, large retractor muscles of the polypide; ov, ovary; ph, pharynx and esophagus; pm, 

 parietal muscles; r, intestine and rectum; t, tentacles. H. Longitudinal section of a bryozoid. (After 

 Calvet, 1900.) caec, stomachic caecum; ci, incubation cavity; cry, cryptocyst, or skeleton; </, diaphragm; 

 eph, hypostegal epithelium; epi, spine; fe, central funicular cord; fl, lateral funicular cord; gn, nervous 

 ganglion; jt, sub-diaphragm region of the tentacular sheath; gt', subdiaphragm region; hy, hypostege; 

 mud, dilator muscles of the incubation cavity; mugr, large retractor muscles; mur, retractor muscles of 

 the frontal walls of the lower ovicellarian vesicle; oes, esophagus; op, operculum; oz, zooecial orifice; 

 pme, median frontal pore; py, pyloris; re, rectum; t, tentacles; voi, lower ovicellarian vesicle; vos, 

 upper ovicellarian vesicle. I. Zoarium decalcified, seen posteriorly, X 45. (See G. for explanation 

 of letters.) 



FENESTRUUNA MALUSI Savlgny-Aadoain, 1826. 



Plate 36, figs. 2, 3. 



1809. Cellepora malum S.4vigny, Description de I'Egypte, Polypes, pi. 8, fig. 8. 



1826. Cellepora rnalusii Audouin, Explication des planches de Sa%'igny, p. 239. 



1862. Cellepora cali/omiensis Gabb and Horn, Monograph of the fossil Polyzoa of the Secondary 

 and Tertiary formations of North America, Journal Academy Natural Sciences Philadel- 

 phia, ser. 2, vol. 5, p. 130, pi. 19, fig. 12. 



1895. Microporella malusi MacGiilivray, Monograph of the Tertiarj' Polyzoa of Victoria, Trans- 

 actions Royal Society of Victoria, vol. 4, p. 65, pi. 9, fig. 1 (regional bibliography). 



1895. Microporella {Fenestrulina) malusi Nevlani, Briozoi fossili delle Famesina, Palaeontographia 

 Italica, vol. 1, p. 104 (sep. 28). 



1895-1896. Microporella (Fenestrulina) malusi Neviani, Briozoi neozoici, di alcune localitia d'ltalia, 

 Bollettino della Societa Romana per gli Studi Zoologici, pt. 1, p. 115 (sep. 7); pt. 2, p. 229 

 . (sep. 5); pt. 3, p. 109 (sep. 8). 



1898. Microporella malusi De Angelis, Los primeros antozoos y briozoos miocenicos recogidos en 

 • Cataluna, p. 22. 



1901. Microporella (Fenestrulina) malusi Nevian'i, Briozoi neogenici della Calabrie, Palaeonto- 

 graphia italica, vol. 6, p. 175 (sep. 61) (Regional bibliography). 



1904. Microporella malusi Canu, Les Bryozoaires du Patagonien, Meraoires de la Societe geologique 



de France, vol. 12, No. 33, p. 11, pi. 3, fig. 27. 



1905. Microporella (Fenestrulina) malusi Neviani, Bryozoi fossili de Carrubare (Calabrio), Bol- 



lettino delle Societa geologica italiana, vol. 23, p. 524, fig. 8. 



1907. Microporella malusi Calvet, Expeditions scientifiques du Travailleur et du Talisman, p. 404 



(bibliography). 



1908. Microporella malusi Canu, Bryozoaires fossiles de I'Argentine, Anales del Museo Nacional 



de Buenos .Vires, vol. 16, p. 280. 



