NORTH AMERICAN MARSH BIRDS 51 



other of the birds in the rookeries. Fish crows appear to be the only thing that 

 bothei them and they in nearly every case secured the first sets. Man, of 

 course, is their next enemy, as is usually the case with any species but here in 

 this rookery they were not molested by man at all. 



DISTRIBUTION 



Range. — Tropical and subtropical regions of both hemispheres. 



Breeding range. — In the Eastern Hemisphere, east to China and 

 Borneo, south to New Guinea and Australia, west to Egypt and Sen- 

 egambia and north to Spain, Greece, and Persia. Definitely known 

 as a breeder in America only in Florida (Micanopy and Bird Island, 

 Orange Lake). It probably nests also in Louisiana and in Mexico. 



Winter range. — Although generally resident in its breeding range, 

 the glossy ibis has been taken at widely scattered localities. In 

 America these have been mostly to the north while in the Eastern 

 Hemisphere it apparently occurs regularly in South Africa. It is 

 known as a straggler from Santo Domingo, Cuba, Jamaica (specimen 

 in National Museum), and the Bahama Islands. 



Casual records. — It has occurred casually northward along the 

 coastal regions of the United States and southern Canada and is 

 accidental in the interior. 



There are two records for the District of Columbia (Washington, 

 about 1817 and September, 1900); one for New Jersey (Great Egg 

 Harbor, about May 7, 1817); one for Pennsylvania (near Philadelphia 

 in 1866) ; several for New York (Grand Island, Niagara River, August, 

 1844, Cayuga Lake, 1854, and May 27, 1907, Tonowanda Swamp, 

 May, 1884, Dunkirk, April, 1894, Seneca River, 1902; Howland Island, 

 May, 1902, and also Southampton, Jamaica Bay, and Canarsie Bay); 

 one for Connecticut (Middletown, May 9, 1850) ; a few for Massachu- 

 setts (near Cambridge, about May 8, 1850, Nantucket, 1869, East- 

 ham, May 4, 1878, and Orleans, May 5, 1878) ; and one for New Hamp- 

 shire (Lake Winnepesaukee, October, 1858). Tliere is a specimen in 

 the Thayer collection from the island of Montreal, Quebec, taken May 

 27, 1900; McKinley reported the occurrence of a specimen in Pictou 

 County, Nova Scotia, about 1865, while Brewer reported one seen on 

 Prince Edward Island in August, 1878. 



In the interior the glossy ibis is known only as a straggler. One 

 was taken from a flock of three in Marion County, Illinois, on Feb- 

 ruary 27, 1880; two were seen, and one was taken near Fairport, Ohio, 

 in 1848; a pair were shot near Hamilton, Ontario in May, 1857; a 

 specimen was secured at Lake Iloricon, Wisconsin, on November 8, 

 1879; one was taken near Denver, Colorado, several years prior to 

 1900, another was secured on the Arkansas River near Salida, Colo- 

 rado, April 12, 1898, while a third Colorado specimen was collected at 

 Barr in June, 1905. Accounts of the occurrence of this species in 



