NORTH AMERICAN MARSH BIRDS 313 



single tide, whicli usually includes about two hours before and two 

 hours after high tide. Edwjird H. Forbush (1912) writes: 



Doctor Lewis gives a record of the bags of Sora rails killed by a few men on the 

 Delaware River, below Philadelphia, in 1846. The 34 records of consecutive 

 days show an average of about 100 rails per man per day. He states that over 

 1,000 rails were brought into Chester in one day. Doctor Brewer (1884) says that 

 it is not uncommon for an expert marksman to kill from 100 to 150 rails per 

 day, and such scores were made on the Connecticut River in Connecticut in 

 olden times, when there was no legal limit to the bag. This slaughter has made 

 some inroads on the number of the birds in Massachusetts. Robert O. 

 Morris writes that it is said that about 1,000 were killed at Longmeadow near 

 Springfield, in 1908. 



DISTRIBUTION 



Range. — North America, Central America, the West Indies, and 

 northwestern South America. Accidental in Great Britain. 



Breeding range. — North to British Columbia (southern Cariboo 

 district and Vanderhoof) ; Mackenzie (Fort Simpson, Fort E,ae, and 

 Fort Resolution); Manitoba (Chemawawin, Fort Churchill, and York 

 Factory) ; Ontario (Severn House, Moose Factory [probably] and 

 Bracebridgc) ; Quebec (Montreal, Quebec, and Godbout); and Prince 

 Edward Island. East to Prince Edward Island; New Brunswick 

 (Grand Manan) : Maine (Pittsfield and Norway); New Hampshire 

 (Monadnock); Massachusetts (Boston and Ponkapog) ; Connecticut 

 (Norwich and Westville); New York (Shelter Island); New Jersey 

 (Princeton); and Pennsylvania (Philadelphia). South to Pennsyl- 

 vania (Philadelphia, Carlisle, and Dubois) ; Ohio (Salem and Lewis- 

 ton Reservoir) ; Indiana (Bluff ton) ; Illinois (Springfield) ; Missouri 

 (Independence); Kansas (Osawatomie) ; Colorado (Barr, Denver, 

 Blue River, and Lay) ; probably Arizona (Mormon Lake) ; Utah 

 (Provo); Idaho (Rupert) ; Nevada (Quinn River and probably Pyra- 

 mid Lake) ; and California (San Bernardino and Escondido). West 

 to California (Los Angeles and Em*eka) ; Oregon (Klamath Lake and 

 Portland) ; Washington (Taooma and Seattle); and British Columbia 

 (Chilliwack, Ashcroft, and Cariboo District). 



Winter range. — North to California (Gilroy and Marysville); Ari- 

 zona (Pocks Lake in the upper Verde Valley) ; Texas (Corpus Christi) ; 

 Louisiana (Hester and Dimond) ; Mississippi (Biloxi and Bay St. 

 Louis) ; Florida (Royal Palm Hammock, Whitfield, and Amelia Is- 

 land); and Bermuda. East to Bermuda; Florida (Amelia Island 

 and Titusville) ; Bahama Islands (Little Abaco, New Providence, 

 Watlings Island, and Great Inagua Island) ; Porto Rico; St. Croix; 

 Dominica Island; Santa Lucia Island; Grenada Island; Tobago Is- 

 and and Trinidad. South to Trinidad; Venezuela (Caracas and 

 Lake Valencia); Colombia (Medellin); and Peru (Sarayacu and 

 Tumbez). West to Peru (Tumbez and Sarayacu) ; Ecuador (Quito) ; 



