-/HzLUj^t,"* 







Figure 67. — English locomotive, John Bull, 1831. Inside-connected, with 

 full cranks, this locomotive is shown as built by Robert Stephenson & Co. for 

 the Camden & Amboy Railroad. Origin of this drawing is unknown, but it 

 was attested to in 1887 as being "correct in every particular" by Isaac Dripps. 

 engineman of the locomotive on its first official run. Drawing in division of 

 transportation, U.S. National Museum. Smithsonian photo 2J012-A. 



I proposed outside connections, but that would not 

 be listened to. The Baldwin half crank must be 

 adopted ; this we refused without written consent from 

 Mr. Baldwin, which Mr. Cameron undertook to 

 procure, saying they would pay a reasonable con- 

 sideration for its use. Mr. Cameron returned, saying 

 that Mr. Baldwin had applied for a patent for the 

 half-crank, that he had made the invention for his 

 own protection, and it was not for sale on any terms. 207 

 In this dilemma I again unsuccessfully urged outside 

 connections. I then proposed to equalize the weight 

 by another pair of drivers back of the fire-box, con- 

 nected by outside cranks, in the manner of the 

 English four-wheel engines, the front pair of drivers 

 having full crank" axle. I made a sketch of this which 

 met with Mr. Cameron's approval, but Mr. Brandt 

 would not give way in his objection to the cylinders 

 with steam connections under the smoke-box — he 

 had so much trouble with the English engines. He 

 finally joined me in advocating outside connections. 



Mr. Cameron said the commissioners were not will- 

 ing to risk experiments. I urged that outside connec- 



Patent of September 10, 1834, illustrated in fig. 66. 



tions was no experiment, that Stephenson's Rocket, 

 Hackworth's, in fact most of the early English locomo- 

 tives were outside-connected. This argument was 

 used against me and its adoption; for, said they, 

 "Stephenson and others would never have abandoned 

 it for full crank unless there had been some radical 

 defect. The fear was that the wide spread cylinders 

 would produce such oscillation as to be injurious to 

 the track if it did not cause the engine to jump it. 



We offered to build either as I had suggested, with 

 full cranks and two pair of drivers, or outside connec- 

 tions and one pair of drivers back of fire-box; but it 

 was not until we guaranteed against injurious oscilla- 

 tion that the latter plan was accepted. Having 

 reached that point, a cross-section drawing was called 

 for to give the spread of the cylinders, to ascertain if 

 they would pass through the tunnel, as it [the tunnel] 

 was being driven on the Lancaster and Harrisburg 

 road, connecting with the State railroad. Supposing 

 all difficulties had been met and overcome, I made the 

 drawings and submitted them, but I was mistaken; 

 my drawings called for an iron frame instead of a 

 wooden one, that up to that time was the only frame 



163 



