THK LKI'IUOPIKRA OK KSSKX. 79 



Larva — Greyish-green with yellow stripes on back and sides. Food — \'arious 

 crucifcr:r and resedacea;, espiecially wild mignonette. Imago — May and August, 

 but the May brood almost, if not entirely, absent in England ; hibernates as j)upa. 



Very rare, always occurring singly ; partial to lucerne fields. 

 Probably an immigrant from the Continent. 



One by Mr. Norman Halls, near Dilbridge Hall, Colchester, 

 on Aug. i2th, 1S57 {\V. H. Hanvood ; E.W.I, ii. 182, B.B. 159). 

 One by Dr. Maclean, near Berechurch, many years ago {Harwood). 

 One male, Epping Forest, by Mr. Walter Nash, 1866 {A. Cottam ; 

 E.M.M. vii. 109). One female, near Southend, Aug., 1870 {D. T. 

 Button; Ent. v. 221). One female, Southend, Aug. nth, 1876 

 {V.E.L. Young; E.M.M. xiii. 108). 



Colias edusa, F. Clouded Yellow. 



Geop-aphical Disti ilmtion — Throughout palaearctic region, except extreme north 

 reaching Azores and Syria. Uncertain in its appearance in Britain. North 

 American species scarcely distinguishable. 



Larva — Deep green, narrow white stripe on sides with pink spots, /bor/-— Various 

 species of Tri/oltum, Medicago, and Lolus^ especially white clover and lucerne. 

 Imago — June to October; hibernates as imago or larva {see Entom.xi. 60, 139). 



Notwithstanding some uncertainty I believe that this errant species hibernates 

 as a larva. Although Mr. Buckler knew that its congener C. /ajyz/^ hibernated as a 

 larva, he wrote in 1877, " I strongly incline to the belief that by far the greater 

 number of those I saw on the wing at this time (June I2th) must have passed the 

 exceptionally mild winter in the pupa state " (^Larvce, p. 12). In the latter half of 

 October of that — the Edusa — year, Mr. Buckler had eggs, larvae just hatched, 

 full-fed larvtc, pupae and imagos. 



Common in some seasons, in others not seen ; generally dis- 

 tributed. Abundant in 1877 {see Ent. xi. 49-61), rare since. 



" In a field sown with flax not far from the town of Booking, in 

 Essex " (if^Ty ; H.I. 113). Epping (6". J/, i. 17). A few specimens, 

 Sept., 1839, Epping {^H. Doubleday ; ifi litt). One, Epping, 1885 

 {G. V. Elstoive ; Ent. xviii. 204). Common, Walthamstow, 1877, 

 last noticed Oct. 5th (i>. Cooper ; Ent. xi. 55). Common in Maldon 

 district, 1875 {Fitch; Ent. viii. 221). Not common, Hazeleigh, 

 1875 {G. H. Ray nor ; Ent. viii. 300). Abundant and bred at 

 Maldon, June 6th to Dec. 12th, 1877 {Fitch; Ent. x. 189, 210; 

 xi. 58). One, Maldon, Sept. 26th, 1879 {Fitch; Ent. xii. 283). 

 One, Maldon, Sept. 26th, 1881 {Fitch; Ent. xiv. 296). One, 

 Maldon, Sept., 1883 {Fitch; Ent. wi 259). Hazeleigh, Maldon, 

 Sept., 1884 {Ray nor ; Ent. xvii. 251). Hazeleigh, Warley, Sept., 

 1885 {Ray nor : Ent. xviii. 315). One, Maldon, Oct. 4th, 1886 



