<S2 IHK l.i:i'II)C)l'I KRA Ol-' KSSEX. 



seen it in this ncighl)ourh()od before" {H. Doul'Ieday ; Ent. i. 389). 

 Numerous in 1842, common in 1843, Epping {H. Doubleday ; Z. ii. 

 398). Occurred in numl)ers in Aug., 1844 [? should be 1842], 

 E])ping, Loughton (y. English; E.N. i. iii). Three, Snaresbrook, 

 Aug. 2ist, 1842 {IV. Courtney; Ent. i. 388). One, near "Wake 

 Arms," Epping Forest, 1868 {W. J. Argent). Forty-one, St. Osyth, 

 Aug., 1842 {A. Lambert ; Ent. i. 389). Colchester, but rare (^Har- 

 wood ; B.B. 142). Thirty-six, Aug., 1857, Colchester {Hanvood ; 

 E.W.I, ii. 195). Twelve, Aug. 15th, 1868, Colchester {Harivood ; 

 Ent. iv. 146 ; E.M.M. iii. 106). Six eggs sent by Mr. Harwood, of 

 Colchester, Sept. i6th, 1875 {^Buckler, Larvce 16). Two, Great 

 Veldham, Aug. 1842 {W. D. King; Ent. i. 416). Five, Lower 

 Southend, Aug. 12th and 13th, 1842 {A. Greemvood ; Ent. i. 416). 

 One, Springfield, Sept. 7th, 1842 {Greemvood ; Ent. i. 416). Fifty, 

 Southend, 1868 {/. Russell; Ent. iv. 160). Common in some 

 seasons, Leigh {Vaughan ; E.N. iii. 125). One, Leigh, Sept. nth, 

 1889 {B. G. Cole : E.N. iii. 93). Felsted {Rep. RS.N.H.S. ii. 44)- 

 One, Witham, Sept. 24th, 1868 ( [F. D. Cansdale ; Ent. iv. 160). 

 Several, Witham, 1875 {Cansdale ; Etit. viii. 221). St. Lawrence, 

 '^75 (/■ ^^^- Mills; Ent. viii. 276). Seventy in 1875, Woodham 

 Mortimer, Hazeleigh {Raynor ; Ent. viii. 300). Common, Maldon, 

 &c., 1875 {Fitch; Ent. viii. 221). Five or six, Maldon, June loth, 

 1876 {Fitch; Ent. ix. 202). A few, St. Lawrence, Maldon {Mills; 

 Fitch; Ent. x. 191). One, Maldon; one, Hazeleigh, Aug. 29th, 

 1889 {Fitch; E.N. iii. 122). One, Warley, Sept., 1885 {Raynor; 

 Ent. xviii. 315). Saffron Walden {IV. R.Jeffrey; B.B. 142). 



Euchloe cardamines, L. Orange Tip. 



(ieog}af>hical Distribution — Europe (except polar regions), Asia, North and 

 West. Throughout Britain. 



Larva — Dull green, white stripe at sides. Food — Pods and flower-stems of vari- 

 ous Cruciferw, especially charlock, bittercress or cuckoo-flower, garden rocket and 

 Alharia. Imago — April to June ; hibernates as pupa. A second autumnal brood 

 is very rare, hut not unknown (see Evt. ii. 293 ; xix. 247 ; xx. 63, 135). 



Plentiful throughout the county. 



Dr. C. de (iavere {Tijdschrift x. 185) says of this species, "It is, 

 perhap.s, from an agricultural point of view, the only truly useful 

 lepidopterous insect. I always find the larva upon charlock or wild 

 radish, eating especially the flowers, and so preventing the dissemi- 

 n.iiiop of these troublesome plants." Its larva is certainly useful in 



