FROM MALDOM TO CHELMSFORD, AUGUST 8tH, 1891. 



199 



which now divides the (ilacial gravel of the plateau of Tiptree Heath 

 from that of Danbury. 



IJeacon Hill, between \\'ickham Bishop and Clreat Totham on 

 the right, and Danbury on the left, are noticeable as hills of some- 

 what unusual height for this part of Essex. At the County Asylum 

 of Wickhani Bishop a well of unusual interest was sunk about a 

 dozen years ago. The base of the London Clay was found at a 

 depth of 295 feet from the surface, then the \\'oolwich and Reading 

 Beds were pierced, and at 343 feet a fault was crossed and the 



Diagram to illvstrate the effect of the Fault at the Wickha.m Bishop Well. 



W.— Well. F.— Fault. L. C— London Clay. W. B.— Woolwich Beds. T. S.— Thanet Sand. 



C— Chalk. 



London Clay again bored through and its base reached at 383 feet. 

 Mr. W. H. Dalton described this well and the fault in our 

 "Transactions" (vol. ii., pp. 15-18, pi. i), and there gives a diagram 

 showing a reversed fault, or one inclining to the upthrow, and not, 

 as usual, to the downthrow. The late Searles Wood, on the other 

 hand, in his note on the subject in our " Transactions " (vol. iv., 

 June, 1885), prefers to account for the peculiar section in the well l)y 

 the supposition that there is a very singular S-like fold in the strata, 



