THE KSSKX KIKI.D CLUIi. 209 



lefi for another occasion. It was evident to everyone present at the meeting that 

 had time permitted the district so rapidly traversed would have furnished many 

 interesting specimens both to the entomologists and botanists. The New 

 London Road was reached at last, leading the party over Wintersleet Hill to 

 the ancient town of Maldon, already so well explored by the Club— but some 

 missed the train after all ! 



Geological R.-vmble akound Chelmsford 



(In conjunction luith the Geologists' Association). 



Saturday, July iith, 1891. 



Conductor— HOKXCV. W. MONCKTON, F.G.S. 



The party started from Chelmsford Station soon after 2.30 on Saturday afternoon, 

 and walked along the Roxwell Road to the water tower and reservoir of the 

 Chelmsford Waterworks, which were inspected under the guidance of Mr* 

 Chancellor. The spring, roofed over, from which the water is pumped, attracted 

 considerable notice. A gravel-pit in an adjoining field was then visited. It was 

 found to show a very good section of well-stratified sand and gravel, overlain in 

 two places by patches of Boulder Cla}'. One of these patches filled a great 

 hollow in the underlying gravel, and the manner in which this hollow had been 

 formed and the clay deposited in it became the subject of a most interesting 

 discussion, in which the Rev. E. Hill, F.G.S., the author of a paper on Boulder 

 Clay, read at the Geological Society on the 24th June last, and Mr. F". C. J. 

 Spurrell, a well-known authority on River Gravels, took part. 



A short paper, " Notes on the Glacial Formation near Chelmsford," was here 

 read by Mr. Monckton (see pp. 191-193). 



Leaving this pit the party crossed the River Can, and, passing through 

 Admiral's Park, walked to another gravel-pit close to the bridge over the River 

 Wid, at Writtle. Here, again, the section shows Glacial Gravel overlain by a 

 clayey bed, which is probably partly decomposed Boulder Clay, and partly 

 brick-earth of a more recent date. On a heap of gravel in the pit several large 

 blocks of white quartz were seen, and Mr. Thomas Leighton, F.G.S., found a 

 block of mica-schist containing garnets. 



The paitythen passed through the picturesque village of Writtle (noticing 

 the two masses of pudding-stone at the gates of Writtle Brewery), and visited the 

 Rolstons pit, which, not having been worked lately, did not show as good a section 

 as usual. A considerable thickness of White Chalky Boulder Clay was seen to 

 rest on a somewhat uneven floor of Glacial Gravel (see Woodward's " Geology of 

 England and Wales," 2nd edition, 1887, p. 506, fig. 89). The Boulder Clay was 

 found to contain many s.r.all concretions of carbonate of lime termed "race." A 

 few remarks on the formation exhibited in this pit were made by the Rev. Edwin 

 Hill, F.G.S. 



After thoroughly examining this section, the members assembled in a group, 

 and were photographed, after which they returned to Chelmsford along the edge 

 of Hylands Park and through Widford. On crossing the Wid, the party composed 

 of members of the Botanical Class of the Chelmsford Museum was overtaken. 

 The class, under the guidance of Mr. E. Durrant and J. E. Taylor, F.L.S., had 

 spent the afternoon in searching for wild flowers on Waterhouse Farm and the 

 back lane to WidforJ. On their return to Chelmsford, the united party found an 



