I\ PART OF NORTH-WESTEKN ESSEX. 21 7 



Other half, stiff yellow clay or tile earth, then the lower three feet into drift. My 

 well here is about fift3--eijxht feet deep, white clay at twenty feet throu,<;;h, yellovv 

 about thirty-five feet, and then same as above. 



Mr. Richardson's, at the cottages here, late " Flitch of Bacon Inn," is the 

 deep well. As nearly as I can remember it was same as mine TO SAME DEPTH ; 

 they came on to the London Clay at about sixty feet, and dug eighty feet in it, 

 and then bored about 120 feet lower, all London Clay ; had just decided to give 

 up that day when they came on a thin crust of rock, which, having broken through, 

 there came in upon them a great rush of water. Yours truly, 



Ltttle Dunmow, May 20th, 1891. RoBEKr IIasler. 



A'oUs Oft the above Letter. 



The place of this Artesian Well is about one-eighth of a mile due west of 

 Throws Farm, Little Dunmow. 



The thickness of the London Clay mentioned is a near approximation to the 

 truth, because the boring was compared at the time with the Saling Well men- 

 tioned in the Survey Memoir, and much surprise was expressed at its much 

 greater thickness. The thickness at Great Saling was 165 feet, with seventy-five 

 feet of drift over it, the surface level being 290, according to Mr. Dalion. — 

 J. Frenxh. 



The level of this spot (Little Dunmow) is 288 (new Ordnance Map, Sheet 222), 

 giving the base of the London Clay at X 28, and the Chalk (by inference) at — 16. 

 This fairly coincides with my map in FssEX Nat., vol. v., p. 113, being a little 

 south of my zero line, on which the Chalk is at sea level. — W H. Dalton. 



REMARKS BY Mr. W. H. D.ALTON, F.G S., AXD Mr. HORACE IV. 

 MONCKTON, E.G..S: 



[At the reading of the above paper, Mr, Dalton sent some observations, and 

 Mr. Monckton made a few verbal remarks which may be cunveniently printed 

 here : — ] 



" Although I have not had an opportuuity of visiting the sections described 

 by Mr. French, whose paper was shown me by Mr. Cole some months ago, I 

 am quite prepared to accept his correlation of these Essex beds with the typical 

 series at Westleton. In some recent investigations in the Chelmsford district, 

 effecting various corrections of the Geological Survey Maps, I have found two in- 

 dubitable outliers of the Westleton series : vtz., at Writtle Mill and Roxwell Hoe 

 Street, whilst the Middle Glacial Gravels in several places are clearly derived in 

 large part from the denudation of Westleton Beds, which were probably continuous 

 across the county originally. The occurrence of the Lower Boulder Clay in 

 similarly severed patches seems to indicate that the principal denudation was in 

 the Middle Glacial period. Unfortunately the Westleton Beds and the Lower 

 Boulder Clay are now both so fragmentary in Essex, that their mutual relation 

 cannot be seen. There can be no doubt (from the Suffolk and Norfolk series) 

 that the Westleton is the older ; but whether the unconformity below the 

 Westleton is more serious than that above it, is not determinable, even in the 

 principal area of development and exposure." — W. H. Dalto.\. 



At the reading of the paper at the meeting on November 7th, Mr. Horace W. 

 Monckton remarked on its value, and on the interest attaching to the section 

 near Dunmow High Wood : — " Prof. Prestwich had endeavoured to trace the 



P 



