THE ESSEX FIELD CLUB. 



MS 



Miictra solida (Stour) . 

 Scrobicu'.aria piperata (Stour) 

 „ alba (Stour) , 



*Mya arenaria (Stour) . 

 ,, truncata (Stour) . 

 Pholas dactylus 

 ,, Candida 

 Teredo sp. (?) 

 *Saxicava rtigosa . 



Univa 



* Chiton cinereus 

 *Trochus cinerarius 



Trochus, sp. ? 

 Lacuna crassior . 

 *Littorina rudis (Stour) 



* „ littorea (Stour) 

 Rissoa mimbranacea 

 Hydrobia ulvce (Stour) 

 Purpura lapillus . 



* Buccinum undatum 

 Murex erinaceus . 

 Fusus norvegicus . 



*Nassa reticulata . 



*Philine aperta 



N 



Doris filosa 

 * Eolis coronata 

 Egg ribbons of a Nudibi anch 



. One dead. 



. Several. 



. One alive. 



. A few dead. 



. A quantity of dead shells. 



. Dead. 



Several dead. 



. Borings only, 



. (Taken 1890 only.) 



LVEs— Gastropoda. 



Two alive. 



Quantity alive. 



Two on oyster shell. 

 . Abundant, but small, 

 . Common. 

 . Common. 

 . A few. 

 , Plentiful. 

 . Dead shells. 

 . Alive, but mostly small. 

 . Several dead shells. 

 . (From North Sea.) 

 • A few. 

 . Plentiful. 



UDIBRANCHIATA. 



. Several specimens, one an inch in length, 

 . (Taken 1890 only.) 

 also occurred. 



Mr. E. M. Holmes reported that the Marine Algae dredged up were very few 

 and hardly worthy of record. Enteromorpha compressa, Gracillaria con/trvoides ■and 

 Antithamnion pliimula were noticed, but even these only in small quantities. 



During the afternoon, Dr. Taylor gave an exceedingly interesting address 

 '' On the Marine Zoology of the Estuaries of the Orwell and the Stour." Nobody, 

 he said, who merely travelled over the surface of the water would ever dream of 

 the marvellously dense metropolis of marine life which crowded the bottoms of the 

 estuaries. Submarine life was not so abundant in the Stour as in the Orwell, and 

 his explanation of the fact was this — that the bed of the ''ormer river was more 

 largely composed of London clay than the Orwell, and that the mud of this clay 

 took a great deal of the oxygen out of the water, leaving but little to support 

 animal life. Dr. Taylor thought that a fairly representative collection of the 

 animals inhabiting the littoral zone, found everywhere between high and low 

 water marks in the British Islands, had been obtained ; but that, as these estuari«s 

 openeJ southward, they had perhaps met with some forms of life which would not 

 be found in the firths and lochs of Scotland, while the latter would contain some 

 arctic animals not discoverable in the Suffolk and Essex estuaries. Along the 

 bottom of the Orwell and Stour, adapting themselves to changed climatal con- 

 ditions, forms of animal life had probably lingered, like those found fossilised in 

 the crags, and, perhaps, had lived there ever since the Crag period. 



