Fig. 30. — Baron Stankl.w de Chaudoir 

 (1791-1858), Russian numismatist (plinto 

 courtesy tht- Hermitage, Leningrad). 



niuscum, in Kerch, and at the L'ni\crsity of Kic\'. 

 Anotlicr university coUection conkl Ije louiid as far 

 east as Kazan."' 



The early decades of the l')lh cenltiiy can l)e vi_m- 

 sidercd a |)re[)aratory piiase for the increasingly seien- 

 titic direction which ninnisniatics tool; in the later 

 lUDOs. More and more, ren(_)\\ net! pi i\ali- collections 

 were incorjjorated, li\' donaticjii 01 pinch. isc, intcj the 

 larqe C(jllecti(jns of tin- pui)lic imisi-niiis, winii- lliey 

 were tended I )\' skilled s|jecialists. I'roni the distin- 

 t;iiished ranks of the latter came m.my of the oul- 

 standint; contributions to ninnisnialic research. Often 

 associated with learned circles of imiversities, these 

 men hrcjutiht into lunnismalics the accinac\' ol scliol- 



arl\ niclhods, a wide knowledge, and die asditenrsv i,f 

 scKaKilic.illv 11. lined minds. Due 10 ihcii inllnciiic, 

 even tin- so-ealltd dilcitantrs and amatems in ihc 

 li<-ld were induced h, l(,ll,,\\ inoiv c.irrful nicthnds, as 

 can he seen in the p.ipeis piilihshed .i| the lime. 'I his 

 trend ol ehannehiiL; mimisinalic inleresl .ilont^ inoie 

 seienlilic lin<s readied its hill dexclopmenl toward the 

 '■'I'l "I die (eniiiry, lull, its spor.idic I icjinninns li.id 

 alicad\- lieen registered in the first h.ill df ilie hSdOs. 

 L siialK hS.id is considereil a siuiiihi.nil d.ite in the 

 de\clopment of iminismalic science. In tli.il \ear Iwn 

 periodic. lis were sl.iiled which for o\ei .1 cenlniA' 

 attracted the most dis|inL;nislied mimism.nists dl the 

 time .ind set the hi'^hest st.indards in rese.neh. In 

 P.iris R, nil iiiniiisiinilKiiii- was founded 1 1\- I'.tiemie 

 C'.artier and Louis de La .Saiissa\e, who inlinded 

 chiell\ to imlilish articles on (iallic ((iin,i<;es hut 



cNcntualU- included .mcient and modern n ism.itiis 



in their |)rot;rain. \\\ London appeared llie .\//////i- 

 iiiiilu '/niiinah IjCEtun hy John ^'onL;<■ .\kerni,in. its 

 n.ime was chanyed in IS.iS to .\uiiiimiuiIi, iliiniiuli:. 



I'oui \cars later, Pjelninm followed with the Riviir 

 ill' la iiiininmaliquc lu/gi', foundi'd li\' R. ( :li.il(in, C. 

 Fiot, and C. P. .Ser\-ice, a pi-riodicil which m I8"5 

 ch,ani;ed its name to Ririir l>ili;i i/r nuiiiiMiin/ir/iir. 



These three periodicals had, in lad, heeii preceded 

 liy sex'cral German pnhlicalions of .1 less perm.meiit 

 character. [. Leit/maiurs .\iiitii\iiiali\i-lii- ^ii/iim^ was 

 issued in Weissensee, Thurinnia, from l,S.i4 to ISn.i. 

 Hermann Grote's Bldtlcr fiir Miiiirkiiinlr: I Iiiiiiiiiv,i-m he 

 iiiiiiii\inii/i\i III .~i ihiln ifl was piiMished in Leip/i'4 Irom 

 l(S.i5 lo I.S44 ami continued as M iinrsliiJi, 11 liom 1M57 

 to 1877. In Berlin, Bernard \on Koehiie pnlilislu'd 

 ^nlsilii ijl I'll) Mini--, Siioil- mill l\'ii/i/i,'ii/,iiiiili' from 18)1 

 to |8-l(i and from 183'' to |8(i2: it w.is conlinned from 

 18(i.i (o ]87,i as Hii/iiiii iSliilIci fiii Mimz-. -^'ni^i/- unci 

 II ii/i/'i iiliiiiili'. .Mllioiinh their pa^es c.irrii-il interesting 

 ciintril lulions, these e.ulier ( Jiain.in pei iiidii ,ils were 

 ol a ralliei limiied inline nee. The le.iiliiiL' ( ierin.m ,iii(l 

 .'\iislri.iii re\iR-s ^1 ihi In ill j in .\ iiiiii\iiiiiliL ,ind .\iiiiiii- 

 iiiiilisilii ~ii/\iliiil/ lollowed within ,1 lew \e.n's. 



.\ssiiei,iled with these p<'iiodicals were some ol I he 

 most renowned n.imes in mimism.il ies. In l''r.iiu-e, 

 which lei, lined ils pl.iee anion'.; die le.idiie,; n.ilions 

 in the Ik Id. there were: iiaron I'lei re-I'hihppe 

 Bourlier d'.XilK (l~'',i 1877"!, whose Kdni.ni l\e- 

 pul)li(.m coins, the l,iri;esl colleetioii ul its kind in 

 existence.'" \M-iit to I he Paris G.iliiiiel des .Medailli's; 



"^ Bl.kl-siM- . C.iihniit iiiiirnMiKiln/ii' ili' I'l 'luri i \ili' niif'niiili ih 

 Ciiiim (185.S). 



"' uWiiiS. l\i'ilhnlii\ Mil III ntiiiiiiiiir iniihiinf fliftui^ \i'fl urii^iiie 

 jiiujii'i'i 1,1 moil il'Aiioiisli (I.Sdl l,S(,y). 



P.\PER 32: NU.MISM.\TIC.S AN ANCIENT SCIl'.NCE 



37 



