X'ienna and the Roval Cloin Caliiiirt in Sick klmlni 

 illn-lratc in their excellent permanent e\hiljits the 

 hislnricnl and esthetic evokitiim of medals. 



MAJOR COLLECTIONS 



Major changes ha\e taken jilace dnritii^ tlie last 

 hah centur\' in tile cle\elopnient and oi'^ani/ation ol 

 pnlihc collections. Two world wars and the ensuint; 

 pohtical tensions could not occni' wiihcjul tleepK- 

 allectinn a chscipline wliicli depends so mnch on intei- 

 national collalioration. While the leadiii;^ (aliinets 

 in London and Paris needed onK a liriel period lor 

 readinstment alter the war. the (jerman tollections. 

 which had siiflered t;ieat losses, hafi to Ik- entirely 

 retjruanized. Two major coin colleitions. the cai)inels 

 of Gotha and Dresden, for all practical pnrposes 

 ceased to exist. The coins of the former were scat- 

 tered widely, while the tre.isiires of die hitler were 

 melted down in great part l>y Russian occn]>.ition 

 troops. 



riiese hea\y losses seemed oiiK' to spur German 

 scholars on to an intensified acti\il\-. and new and 

 modernized exhiliits are the restilt. J h<' I'xilin C'alii- 

 iiet. onh' recenth reincorporated into the lnu.^(■llln 

 colk'ctions alter a teinporarx' journex to the Soxiet 

 L nion. now has a new exhiliition, illiistiMtiiiL; the 

 histiUA ol iiionex. which was arranged in six lulls li\ 

 Arthur Siihle.'''" In Munich, at the Siaatliche 

 Miinzsanimluna. Dr. Paul Groteme\'ei is en[;a'_;cd in 

 a similar process of reorganizint; tlie collections and 

 modernizing; the exhiliits. 



The list of nuijor German coin caliin<'ts would be 

 incomplete without .idding at least the names of a few 

 museums which have given special attention to anciem 

 and medie\al coins: the Rheinischi's Landesnuiseum 

 in Bonn and in Trier, the Riniiisch-( iermanisches 

 Zenlr.ilmuseiiin in Mainz, tlie Rdmisch-Germanisches 

 Musetnn in (Cologne, the Altessehloss Musenni in 

 Stuttgart, the Landesmuscum in Mfmstei-. ,ind the 

 \ cry active Museum fur Hamlini^ische tieschichte 

 in Hamburg. 



In Austria. August \on Loehi- and Ldiiai<l llol/inair 

 continued to direct the acti\ ities of the X'ienna Gabinet 

 with a first-rate collection of o\-er 4li(l.(in() items .ind a 

 comprehensive exhiliit that iiliisliales p.iper nione\ 



and other media of ext h.m<;e, as well a> mins .and 

 niedab.'''' 



In central F.nrope. Sw i|/erl,ind with iinporl.mi 

 ]iulilii (ollectioiis in iiern. iiasel. /iiiii h. \\ iiileiilim-. 

 and Lans.mne. i;ives evidence of an intensive acliviiv 

 in the held of scholailv n-search,''- as well .is in a 

 remark, ilile increase of outst.indint; piiv.iie ii lilei lions. 



Siniilai ti'i'iulsean be noted in Bel<_;iiim. die .Xellier- 

 lands,"'' and in the Scaiulin.iv ian countries. Re- 

 cently, Paul .Xaslei in lieli^iiini published the caLilo'.; 

 of a lanioiis collection of .incient coins, la (ulliiltnn 

 fjH II n iti' Iliiii // {\'>^'>), which is part of th<' Gabinet 

 des Medailles in the l-!ii)liother|iu- Rovale <!<■ Belt;i(|iie. 

 I he St.iteiis I listorisk.i Museum in Stoekholm. .iller 

 \\ c.irld War II. opened several h.ilK dedic.iled to 

 medallic art (lii;. 44) ami to the historv of monev in 

 Sweden.'''* Nils L. Rasmnsson. the direc ten-, jias 

 accompanied the exhiliit p.inels with '_;r.ipliic repre- 

 sentations ol the historv of monev and prices in 

 Sv\eden — a strikiiiL' innovation whi(li illiistr.iles ilu- 

 general tcndencv to widen considei.iblv die scope of 

 numismatics. Siinil.n- in its ran!;c- is the numisinatic 

 research iieini^ done m l)enni,irk under the le.ideislnp 

 ol the senior nnimsiiKilist Cieoin (i.iLler. (lie 

 Koni;elige M0nt ou Med.iilles.imlin'^ of the .\a- 

 tionalmuseet in Gopeiili,iL;eii li.is in.ide .in iiiilsi.mdiiiL; 

 contribution to nnimsmalics m ihi- miisenm's i atalo'.; 

 of Greek coins published within the Sy/lni^i iiiiiiiiiini iitii 

 (iiiiiiiiriiiiK a monumental work initialed in r'41 liv 

 Dr. Xiels Breitenslein and Prof. W'illv Sehw.ib.u her.''""' 



In the Metlilerrane.m .ire.i, It.ilv folluws llie general 

 trenti .ind. although the miisenm ailiviiv there 

 gravitates more tow.ird scienlihc leveai'ch done bv 

 stall memiiers. iiianv new coin exhibits have been 

 opened or planned for the iie.n Inliire. I his activity, 

 which can be followed in the lolnmiis ol the Atiiidli, 

 published liv the Islilulo it.ili.iiio <h .Nmnisiii.ilici 



"'I 1 or d s,niide to tin Bt-rlin rollectioii, see Si Hi r, Fiihin 

 dwch die SLhauuimmlun« dn MiirKkabvielts (I'JS/). 



I''' Sec LolllK. I'itlnt} flllhh dif Aus\hHuril^ ih'l fi!/i:dt\\<llfirulur!^ 

 (\')?lTi): ,llso fiiinslhl\li:il\i-il' s Mil Si iiiii: I'liliur dliull dlr S^iiiimliiliorn 

 (l'XS8), pp. 33-3'J. for the activitie.s of the coin ealiiiu-l in the 

 seeoiul qn.irlcr of this ceiiliirv. sec Liikhk. "I. in \'iei Ic li.ihr- 

 liimdr-rt Wiener Miiiizkahinrtl" (l'XS8). 



I'-' Mariix. ■•.Suisse" (r)(>l). 



I''' KtJK, (i>sihlt'diin\ nut lot /ton. huhinit inn Atiiiit'i! (I'J-UO; 

 (aiDiK. hiiiiinlJiji kdhinit ran iniintin (pt.S-t; I'lS"") .mil "I.cs 

 IniK tions externes du C.iliinet des .Med.iilies de I..1 ll.iye" 



i"i 1 li-cKseiirK and RvsMrssriN, S;,ii«is mynlhnhnin (I'JsS). 

 See .dso StaiwAB.\i:iM R, "Die .\eueini i< liliini;" (I'lSIl). 



!'■' See al.w the Riiideljnok to the C;o])enhat;eii ( ioin .ind Med.il 

 Cabinet, Monlii ni; niidmllir, tmddil.diln n« iiyin tid (rJ.Sd). 



PAPER 32: NUMISMATICS — AN .\Nf:lENT SCIENCE 



57 



