Figure 23. — Melvin Calvin (b. 191 1) 

 received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 

 1961 for his research in photosynthesis, 

 in which he specified the function of 

 phosphoglyceric acid as an intermediate 

 in the synthesis of carbohydrates from 

 carbon dioxide and water by green plants. 



is especially active against the oriental fruit fly. 42 



CI H 



CI— C C— 



CI OH 



OCH3 



Bayer's L 13/59 



OCH :i (Dipterex) 



scientists have contributed to it: 13 of them have 

 received Xobel Prizes for work directly bearing on the 

 chemical and biological importance of phosphorus 

 compounds. In chronological order, they are : Eduard 

 Buchner, Albrecht Kossel, Otto Meyerhof, Arthur 

 Harden, Hans von Euler-Chelpin, George de Hevesy 

 Carl F. Cori, Gerty T. Cori, Fritz Lipmann, Lord 

 Alexander Todd, Arthur Romberg, Severo Ochoa, and 

 Melvin Calvin. The developers of industrial produc- 

 tion and commercial utilization of phosphate com- 

 pounds have had other rewards. 



Some impression of the continuing growth in this 

 field 43 can be gained from the following data. 



Phosphate Rock 



annually "sold or used by producer"' in the United States 

 in million long tons (2,240 lbs.) 

 1880 0.2 



Sources: U.S. Bureau of the Census. Historical Statistics of the 

 United States 1789-1945 (1949); Statistical Abstract of the United 

 States. 



Elemental Phosphorus 



annually produced in the United States 

 in short tons (2,000 lbs.) 



(CHafeN O N(CH 3 ) 2 



\l 1/ 



P— O— P Schradan 



(CH ;1 ),N N(CH 3 ) 2 



Octamethylpyrophosphoramide 



The story of phosphorus, which began 300 years ago, 

 has acquired new importance in this century. Many 



,: A. M. M \i 1 si n and others. Journal of Agriculture and Food 

 Chemistry (1955), vol. 3, p. 119. 



Source: U.S. Department of Commerce. 



"John B. Van Wazer, Phosphorus and its Compounds, 2 vols, 

 (vol. 1, Chemistry; vol. 2, Technology, Biological Functions and 

 Applications), New York: Interscience, 1958, 1961. 



For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office 

 Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price 25 cents 



