burned the Chambersburg sliops of the Cumberland 

 Valley Railroad. The Pioneer, Jenny Lind, and Utility 

 were partially destroyed. The Cumberland Valley 

 Railroad in its report for 1862 stated: 



The Wood-shop, Machine-shop, Black-smith-shop, 

 Engine-house Wood-sheds, and Passenger Depol were 

 totally consumed, and with the Engine-house three 

 second-class Engines were much injured ti\ the Ere, but 

 not so destroyed but that the) ma) l»- restoi 

 usefulness. 



I \i'i i i. — Yearly Mileage of tm Pioni i r< 

 Annual Reports of the Cumberland Vallev. Railroad) 



liar: 

 852. 

 853 

 854 



W 

 ■3,182 



' -Ml. ~-'J 

 18,087 



■t- ' V 



20, 998 



857 aa.779 



858 



29.57" 



860 



861. 



862 

 864 



868. 

 869. 

 870. 

 87.. 

 872. 

 873 

 874 

 875 

 876. 



877 

 878. 



879 

 880. 



I-;!'' 



5-339 

 -•-t 

 2,215 

 20, 46 

 5,709 

 I 626 

 1,372 



102 



002 

 721 

 466 

 636 

 87O 

 406 



433 



8.306 



total • j(|--'~ 



'Mileage 1852 for Januarj to September 1 no record of 

 mileage recorded in Annua] Reports previous to 1 1 



b 15,000 to 20, I miles per yeai " 1- considered mv high 



mileage lor a locomotive of the 1850's. 



No mileage reported lor any engines due to fit 

 d Not listed on roster. 

 I lie Pennsylvania Railroad claims a total mileage of 

 255,675. This may be accounted foi In records of n 

 for 1862, 1870, and 1879. 



PAPER 42: THE "PIONEER" OF 1851 



However, no record can be found of the extent or 

 exact nature of the damage. The shops and a numbei 

 o!' car- wen- burned so ii is reasonable to assuur 

 the call and other wooden parts "l the locomotive 

 were damaged. < >ne unverified report in the files of 

 the Pennsylvania Railroad states that part of the rooi 

 and brick wall fell <>n the Pioneei during the fire 

 causing considerable damage, In June 1864 the 

 ( hambersburg -hop- were again burned bj the < on- 

 federates, but on this occasion the railroad managed 

 to remove all its locomotives before the raid. I 1 

 the Civil War, the Cumberland Valley Railroad was 

 obliged to operate longer passenger trains to satisfy 

 the enlarged traffic. The Pioneei and its sistei single- 

 axle engines were found too light for these trains and 

 wen- used onK on work and spei ial trains. Reference 

 to table 1 will show that the mileage of the /' 

 fell off sharpl) for the years I860 1865. 



In 1871 the Pioneei was remodeled by A. S. Hull, 

 master mechanic of the railroad. The exact nature ot 

 the alterations cannot be determined, as no drawings 

 or photographs of the engine previous to this time are 

 known to exist. In fact, the drawing (fig. 8) prepared 

 by Hull in 1876 to show the engine as remodeled in 

 1871 is the oldest known illustration of the P 

 Paul Westhaeffer, a lifelong student of Cumberland 

 Valley R. R. history, states that according to an inter- 

 view with one of Hull's dest end, mis the only alteration 

 made to the Pioneei during the 1871 "remodeling" 

 was the addition of a handbrake. The road's annual 

 report of 1853 describes the Pioneei as a six-v. heel tank 

 engine. The report of 1854 mention- that the Pioneer 

 used link motion. These statement- are enough to gn e 

 substance to the idea thai the bade arrangement has 

 survived unaltered and that it ha- not been extensively 

 rebuilt, a- was the Jenny Lind in 1878. 



By the Kiln's. thePioneet was too light for the heavier 

 ears then in use and by 1880 it had reached the end 

 of its usefulness for regular service. Alter nearly 

 thirty years on the road it had run 255,675 miles. 

 Two new passenger locomotives were purchased in 

 1880 to handle the heavier trains. In 1881 the P 

 was dropped from the roster, but was used until about 

 1890 for work nun- Alter this time it was stored in 

 a shed at Falling Spring, Pennsylvania, near the 

 Chambersburg yards of the C.V.R.R. 



Mechanical Description of the Pioneer 



After the earl) I840's the single-axle locomotive, 

 having one pair ol driving wheels, was largel) super- 



251 



