cM= 



Figure 30. — Reconstructed sandbox replaced on the locomotive, August 1962. (Drawing by J. H. White.) 



as already mentioned. Rejacketing the boiler with 

 simulated Russia iron produced a most pleasing effect, 

 adding not only to the authenticity of the display but 

 making the engine appear lighter and relieving the 

 somber blackness which was not characteristic of a 

 locomotive of the 1850's. Several minor replacements 

 are yet to be done; chiefly among these are the 

 cylinder-cock linkage and a proper headlamp. 



The question arises, has the engine survived as a 

 true and accurate representation of the original ma- 

 chine built in 1851? In answer, it can be said that 

 although the Pioneer was damaged en route to the 

 Cumberland Valley Railroad, modified on receipt, 

 burned in 1862, and operated for altogether nearly 

 40 years, surprisingly few new appliances have been 

 added, nor has the general arrangement been changed. 

 Undoubtedly, the main reason the engine is so little 

 changed is that its small size and odd framing did not 



invite any large investment for extensive alteration for 

 other uses. But there can be no positive answer as 

 to its present variance from the original appearance 

 as represented in the oldest known illustration of it — 

 the Hull drawing of 1871 (fig. 8). There are few, if 

 any, surviving 19th-century locomotives that have not 

 suffered numerous rebuildings and are not greatly 

 altered from the original. The John Bull, also in the 

 U.S. National Museum collection, is a good example 

 of a machine many times rebuilt in its 30 years of 

 service. 21 Unless other information is uncovered to 

 the contrary, it can be stated that the Pioneer is a true 

 representation of a light passenger locomotive of 

 1851. 



21 S. H. Oliver, The First Quarter Century of the Steam Loco- 

 motive in America (U.S. National Museum Bulletin 210; Wash- 

 ington: Smithsonian Institution, 1956), pp. 38-46. 



For sale hy the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office 

 Washington, D.C., 20402 - Price 30 cents. 



