Figure ig.— G rators John B. Bi uci 



and < .1 ok.. i, ( tali 1 1 mi \<a n ex- 

 amine the newly acquired (195 

 elecl I'd m.i gnetic, Morton 

 Wimshurst llul/ Influence Ma- 

 chine. Ii w.is manufactured 1)\ the 

 Bowi-n ( iompany hi Pro> idence, 

 Rhode Island (1889). With the 

 discovery of x-ray, it was used for 

 making x-ray photographs until 

 early in the 10th 1 entury. 



As a result of these changes, the Division was sub- 

 divided into .1 Section oi Pharmaceutical History 

 and Health and a Section of Medical and Dental 

 History. 1 he runner was planned to encom] ass the 

 collections of matei pharmaceutical equip- 



ment, and all material related to the history ol 

 pharmacy, toxicology, pharmacology, and bio- 

 chemistry, as well as the Hall of Health which was 

 opened November 2. 1957, and which emphasizes 

 man's progressing knowledge ol his body and the 

 functions ol its major organs. 18 The latter Si 

 was planned to include all that belongs to the develop- 

 ment ul surgery, medicine, dentistry, and nursing, 

 especially in relation to hospitals. 



In ( fctober 1957, the Division acquired a collection 

 of rare, ceramic, drug jars which included two, 

 13th-century, North Svii.m and Persian, albarello- 

 L majolica jars; a 15th-century, Hispano- 

 Moresque drug container; and a 16th-century, 

 Italian faience, dragon-spout ewer. During the 

 following two years, ( urator Griffenhagen periodi- 

 . illy 1 1 nired museums and medical and pharmaceuti- 

 cal institutions in this country. Smith America, and 

 Europe gathering specimens and information for the 

 Division and for publication, respectively. However, 

 on June 2". 1959, he resigned his curatorship to 

 join the stall of the American Pharmaceutical Associ- 



18 For the ingi menl 1 if tin- exhibits, and the 



that accompany each exhibit in the Hall of Health, we 

 are indebted to Drs. Bruno Gcbhard, Richards II. Shryock, 

 Thomas G. Hull, James Laster, Willi- |. II. Nauta, Leslie W. 

 Knott, Theodore Wiprud, and other physicians, dentists, and 

 in who have offered their advice, assistance, and expert 

 skills. 



ation in Washington, D.< . Dr. Blake became the 

 curator in charge ol the Division and Mr. Griffen- 

 hagen was succeeded on Septembei 24, I 



authoi ul this paper as a-soi i.ue 1 urator in dial 

 the Section of Pharmaceutical History and Health. 

 I )r. Blake, as 1 urator ol the Section ol Medic al and 



I al History, acquired a large number ol valuable 



and varied specimens for the Division's collections. 



I hey included optometric refracting instruments, 

 an eat ly I 1 .ill let trie, portable, 



machine, the Charles A. Lindbergh and Alexis < 

 pump (designed in 1935 to perfuse life-sustaining 

 fluids to the organs of the body), the Sewell heart 

 pump (1950) tu control delivery of air pressure and 

 suction to the pumping mei nanism, and a large and 

 valuable collection ol dental equipment formerly at 

 the universities of Pennsylvania and Illinois. Dr. 

 Blake wrote the explanatory material and supervised 

 ign .md produi tinn ul the majority ol exhibits 

 in the renovated hall ol medical and dental history 

 He also contributed several scholarly articles and a 

 I nuk. (see bibliography) on the history ol the hi 

 arts and public health in particulai H resigned on 

 September 2. 1961, to join the -tail ol the National 

 Library ol Medicim .1- chid ol the History ol Medi- 

 cine Division, and was succeeded by the authi 

 curatoi ul the Division. From the summer ol 1962 

 tu April 1964, the Division benefited from the expert 

 advice of Dr. Alfred R Henderson as consultant in 

 the preparation and designing of the surgical and 

 medical exhibits of the Museum of History and 

 1 echnology. 



During the period from 1961 to May 1964, the 

 Division's collections expanded greatly through its 



PAPER 43: HISTORY OF THE DIYIMi IN < >1 Ml DICA1 si tENCES 



291 



