to those found in the sherds, while displaying other 

 characteristics that are distinctly different. They 

 support the archeological evidence that the James- 

 town pieces are earlier than the jugs and that new 

 design concepts were appearing by the turn of the 

 century in a novel type of presentation piece. 



North Devon Plain Slip-Co.\ted W'.^re 



This is a plain variant of the sgraffito ware, differing 

 only in the absence of decoration and in some of the 

 forms. 



Site: Jamestown. 



Forms 



Plates: Diameter 7"-ll,'2". Profiles as in sgraffito 

 plates. Upper surface slipped and glazed. 



Eating bowls: Diameter 9"; height 3 '2"- Profile 

 and handle same as in sgraffito bowls. Slipped and 

 glazed on interior and over rim. 



Porringers: Diameter 5^"; height 2-;'^". Ogee pro- 

 files. Horizontal loop handle applied Yt." below rim 

 on each. Slipped and glazed on interiors. (Fig. 22.) 



Drinking bowls: Diameter of rim, including handle, 

 5"; height 2';^"-3"; diameter of base 2". In shape 

 of mazer bowl, these have narrow bases and straight 

 sides terminating in raised tooled bands at the junc- 

 tions with vertical or slightly inverted rims 1" in 

 height. Each has a horizontal looped handle attached 

 at bottom of rim. Slipped and glazed on interiors. 

 (Fig. 22.) 



Wavy-edge pans: Diameter 9"-10": height 2". 

 Flat round pans with vertical rims distorted in wide 

 scallops or waves. Purpose not known. Slipped and 

 glazed on interiors. 



North Devon Gr.^^vel-Tempered Ware 



Sites: Jamestown, Kecoughtan, Green Spring, Wil- 

 liamsburg, Marlborough, John Washington House, 

 Kent Island, Angelica Knoll, Townsend, John Bowne 

 House, "R. M.," Winslow, John Howland House. 



P.\STE 



Manufacture: Wheel-turned, e.xcept ovens and rec- 

 tangular pans, which are "draped" over molds. (See 

 "Forms," below.) 



Temper: Very coarse water- worn quartz and feld- 

 sparthic gravel up to one-half inch in length; also 

 occasional sherds. Proportion of temper 15-25 per- 

 cent, except in ovens, which were about 30 percent. 



Texture: Poorly kneaded, bubbly, and porous, with 

 temper poorly mixed. Temper particles easily rubbed 

 out of matrix. Very irregular and angular cleavage 

 because of coarse temper. Hard and resistant to 

 blows, but crumbles at fracture when broken. 



Color: Dull pinkish red to deep orange-red. Almost 

 invariably gray at core, except in ovens. 



Firing: Carelessly fired, with incomplete oxidation 

 of paste. 



.Surface 



Treatment: Glazed with powdered galena on in- 

 teriors of containers, never externally. Glaze very 

 carelessly applied, with much evidence of dripping, 

 running, and unintentional spilling. 



Texture: Very coarse and irregular, with gravel 

 temper protruding. 



Color: Unglazed surfaces range from bright terra 

 cotta to reddish buff. Glazed surfaces on well-fired 

 pieces are transparent yellow-green with frequent 

 orange splotches. Overfired pieces become dark 

 olive-amber, sometimes approaching black. Rare 

 specimens have slipped interiors subsequently glazed, 

 with similar butter-yellow color effect as in sgraffito 

 and plain slip-coated types. 



Forms 



All forms are not completely indicated, there being 

 many rims not represented by complete or recon- 

 structed pieces. The following are established forms. 



Round, ffat-bottomed pans: Diameter 16", height 

 4"; diameter 16", height 5"; diameter 18", height 

 4"; diameter 1 5", height 4^"; diameter 13}^', height 

 4%". Heavy rounded rims. Glazed internally be- 

 low rims. These were probably milk pans, but may 

 also have served for cooking and washing. Those 

 lined with slip may have functioned as wash basins. 

 (Figs. 18, 23.) 



Round, flat-bottomed pans: Diameter approxi- 

 mately 19", height unknown. (No complete speci- 

 men.) Heavy rims, reinforced with applied strips of 

 clay beneath external projection of rim. Reinforce- 

 ment strips are secured with thumb impressions or 

 square impressions made by end of flat tool. (Figs. 28, 

 29.) 



Cooking pots: Diameter 12", height 6"; diameter 

 8", height 5". Curving sides, terminating at tooled 

 concave band with flattened, slightly curving rim 

 above. Glazed inside. 



Bowls: Diameter 8", height 5". Sides curved, with 

 flattened-curve rims, tooled bands below rims. 

 Glazed internally. (Fig. 19.) 



48 



BULLETIN 225: CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE MUSEUM OF HISTORY AND TECHNOLOGY 



