tion of an emergency military hospital fbrnuilar\- 

 which has become known as the Lititz Pharmacopoeia, 

 so named because Brown was making Lititz his 

 headquarters at the time. The preface is dated 

 "Lititz, March 12, 1778." The actual title (trans- 

 lated from Latin) reads: "Formulary of simple and 

 yet efficacious remedies for the use of the military 

 hospital, belonging to the army of the Federated 

 States of America. Especially adapted to our poverty 

 and straitened circumstances, caused ljy the ferocious 

 inhumanity of the enemy, and the cruel war unexpect- 

 edly brought upon our fatherland." This formular\- 

 was published by Styner & Cist of Philadelphia in 

 1778, which means that it was not actually printed 

 until sometime after June 18, when the British 

 evacuated Philadelphia. 



In the preface Brown explained that there were 

 two types of formulas contained in the Lititz Pharmaco- 

 poeia; one was the "medicaments which must be pre- 

 pared and compounded in a general laboratory; the 

 others are to be mixed, as needed, in our hospital 

 dispensaries." 



The main store of drugs was housed at Manheim 

 until late March, when Shippen ordered Apothecary 

 Cutting to pack the medical stores there and proceed 

 on to Yellow Springs. '^■'' Cutting wrote Potts on 

 March 30 that 



. . . the articles that we have in store are now ready to 

 put on board the waggons e.xcepting the want of cases to 

 contain them .... Paper, Twine, Square Snuff Bottles 

 & Corks are so essentially necessary to take with us, to tit 

 up the Regimental Chests that I wish your order to buy 

 them at Lancaster immediately. I never heard what place 

 in the vicinity of Camp has been chosen for our temporary 

 Medicine Shop, nor what quantities the Regimental Sur- 

 geons are to be supply'd when we get there . . . ."^ 



On April 16 Cutting '■^'°' wrote that the 

 . . . dispensing store is open'd here [at Yellow .Springs] 

 and we have begun to supply the Regiments in Camp .... 

 Dr. Cochran has given orders to the Division on the left 

 to bring their Chests first, and we propose going througli 

 the whole Army in the order in which they lay .... 

 The best method I can think of is to act immediately about 

 preparing new Chests upon the Northern Plan at some 

 convenient place for all such Battallions as did not get 

 chests from Dr. Craigie [in the] last campaign. When 

 these new parcels are ready, let us call all the large chests 

 into the Stores . . . which are too compleat & capacious 

 for Field Service, & in lieu of them give out our smaller 



'33 Ibid., folio 428; Cutting to Potts, March 25, 1778. 

 1" Ibid., folio 432; Cutting to Potts, March 30, 1778. 

 '!» Ibid., folio 441; Cutting to Potts, April 16, 1778. 



ones. By this exchange, the Genl. Hospital will be well 

 supplied with standing Chests & acquire a great variety 

 of useful articles which are not essential in Camp. 



Apothecary Cutting was concerned, however, over 

 supplies and 



. . . very apprehensive that the several Hospitals in this 

 vicinity will render a further reinforcement necessary before 

 we shall be able to compleat the whole .... To give 

 onl\- a few of the Capitals to each will be a work of Time, 

 & a much more intensive piece of business than I at first 

 imagined. 



Meanwhile, Potts had sent Apothecary Craigie to 

 Baltimore to obtain a fresh stock of drugs, and probably 

 to pi-e\cnt further friction between Craigie and 

 Cutting. This feud started early in 1777 when 

 Apothecary Cutting, serving with Shippen in Phila- 

 delphia, was named, over his preceptor Craigie, to 

 head the newly organized "Apothecary department" 

 of the army. "^ On March 27 Craigie wrote from 

 Annapolis advising Potts that he had been in Baltimore 

 . . . not long since and waited on Messrs. Lux & Bowly. 

 The medicines were not come to hand but were ex- 

 pected .... I have engaged the whole invoice which 

 contains several important medicines not mentioned in 

 your list. I think the prices are full high, tho' somewhat 

 less than Dr. Shippen affixed, and it was not in my power 

 to procure them at a cheaper rate. They were offered £20 

 per lb. for all the Cantharides and much higher price for 

 the Bark. They are not )et arrived from some place in 

 N'irginia where they were first landed. I shall examine 

 them immediately on their arrival, and if good forward 

 them on to Manheim, if they prove not good shall reject 

 them, as the engagement is conditional. "" 



Then on April 4, Craigie wrote from Chester Town: '" 

 I this day received a letter from Messrs. Lux & Bowley 

 informing me. the waggons were arrived, but to their great 

 surprise with only two packages of medicines, the othere 

 being seized near Williamsburg for the use of Virginia 

 State. Those arrived contain but a very small share of any 

 of the articles mentioned in your list and I believe none of 

 tlie Bark and Cantharides. I shall immediately proceed 

 to Baltimore and examine tliose two packages & if good 

 send them on to Manheim, provided the price is agree- 

 able .... I shall inquire into the circumstances of the 

 seizure and endeavor to find out if there has been any 

 unfair play which I can hardly suspect from the character 

 of the Gentlemen. 



""Ibid., vol. 2, folio 151; Tillotson to Potts, February 22, 

 1777. [Cutting served as Assistant Apothecary under Craigie 

 at Cambridge and Roxbury. The fciicl has not been explored 

 in any of Craigie's biographies.] 



13" Ibid., vol. 4, folio 429; Craigie to Potts, March 27, 1778. 



13' Ibid., folio 437; Craigie to Potts, April 4, 1778. 



PAPER 16: DRUG SUPPLIES IN THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION 



127 



