tcry. Prolialily made hy the Pamunkey. Hall' of 

 mold oiil)-; greatest thickness 22 mm.; width 

 narrows from 1 to % inch; curved; stick or pebble 

 burnished on liack; single groove runs up midway 

 along one side but does not continue across hack or 

 up other side; two similar grooves % inch apart up 

 Inroad end, and three small drilled holes of uncertain 

 purpose; pouring slot runs into circular mold; 

 conical drilled hole in center of upper surface 

 presumably intended to key the two halves of mold. 

 There is a larger, slightly conical hole, of uncertain 

 purpose, towards left edge at narrow end; the drilling 

 of this hole seems to have broken through the side 

 mold, causing upper surface to flake away in that 

 area. 18th century. B2. 



Figure 22 



1. Harness buckle, brass with iron tang. Molded 

 foliate decoration on face; reverse somewhat con- 

 cave and rough-surfaced; over-all length 4}4 

 inches, suggesting that piece came from carriage 

 harness."' The pale, oli\e-green patina on this 

 item was found to be stable and was not remo\ed, 

 w hich accounts for the dark appearance of the item 

 in the photograph. 18th century. B2. 



2. Mounting for harness terret, brass. C'entral collar 

 with internal screw thread; three nail or screw holes 

 at either end; evidence of filing on back."" 18th 

 century. B2. 



3. Ornamental boss, silvered brass. Small collar in 

 center of concave back supports remains of iron nail 

 or shank. 18th century. P2. 



4. .Stud, brass, with two tangs bent over and ham- 

 mered together after passing through the leather or 

 wood to which stud was attached. Tangs appro.xi- 

 mately % inch thick. 18th century. B2. 



5. Three tacks or studs, brass. U.sed for ornamenting 

 saddles and upholstery. 18th century. J2, K2. 



6. Harness ornament, siKer-plated cast Ijrass. Scal- 

 lop shell terminal; back concave with four tangs for 

 attaching object to leather;'' three tangs around 

 shell and fourth tang at bottom."- 18th century. 

 E2. 



«» Colonel Paul H. Downing in his "Carriage Report' of 

 1957 (MS, Colonial Williamsburg, Virginia, vol. 12, p. 538a) 

 describes buckles smaller than though somewhat similar in 

 shape to the Rosewell example as "Believed to be sword baldric 

 or belt buckles." 



™ For parallel see Downing, o/i. cil., pi. 5, no. 4 



"' A scrap of leather in situ when found. 



~- See Downing, op. cit. (footnote 69), pi. 1, nos. 9 and 10. 



7. Harness ornament, siKer-plated cast brass. .Similar 

 to no. 6 biU slightly smaller and without the scalloped 

 shell. 18th century. K (in lining of ground hog's 

 nest). 



8. Harness ornament, cast brass. Three tangs in a 

 row down slightly concave back."^ 18th century. 

 H2. 



9. Harness ornament, cast brass. Fragment cut from 

 larger ornament for scrap; probably once used on 

 blinkers or winkers. 18th century. A2. 



10. Three ferrules, brass. Left example crudely made 

 with no provision for retaining nail; center specimen 

 has two nail holes and wood still in position; right 

 item still has iron nail; diameter of each, approxi- 

 mately 8 mm. 18th century. C3, H3, N2. 



11. Ferrule, brass. Similar to no. 10 but much 

 longer; either unfinished or deliberately opened 

 along most of length; original diameter uncertain. 

 18th century. N2. 



12. Spur, brass, with iron rowel. Heel width approx- 

 imately 2 inches; rowel apparently small fi\e-pointed 

 star. 18th century. CI. 



Figure 23 



1. Scrap-iron fragment. Slightly waisted; tapers to 

 sharp edge at either end; greatest thickness ;'s inch. 

 Dl. 



2. Bar of scrap iron. Greatest thickness 's inch. P3. 



3. Scrap-iron, wedge-shaped item. Possibly rear leg 

 from crude andiron; measures approximately 1^ by 

 1% inches at bottoin, narrowing to % inch at top; 

 weight, 3 pounds. J2. 



4. Scrap-iron fragment. Roughly hanmiered; tapers 

 to sharp edge at either end; greatest thickness Vi 

 inch. LI. 



5. Scrap-iron fragment. Possibly rim of bowl; in- 

 curving at top, thickening to %e, inch; much beaten 

 and split at lower, broken end, which is almost 

 paper-thin. N2. 



6. Scrap-iron fragment. Deliberately cut along right 

 edge; sharp edges all aroimd. B2. 



7. Poll of axe, presumably discarded as scrap iron. 

 Thickness ][(, inch, tapering towards walls of eye. 

 E2. 



8. Fireback, cast iron. Fragment only; probably in- 

 tended as scrap iron; molded foliate (?) decoration 

 along right side; thickness, approximately % inch. 

 Surface. Drawn, fig. 37, no. 2. 



^3 For massive example in saine shape, see Downing, of) cit,^ 

 pi. 1, no. 1. 



200 



BULLETIN 225: CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE MUSEUM OF HISTORY .AND TECHNOLOGY 



