112 



Mr. De L. Berier does not regard it as rare on Long Island. Mr. 

 Zerega has found it to be a common permanent resident along the 

 shore of Sandy Hook Bay and at Seabright, N. J., and infers that it 

 breeds in those places. 



I found a large flock of Fish Crows near Garden City, Long Island, 

 N. Y., on October 29, 1880. There were others straggling about, but 

 not associating with the Common Crows, which were also abundant. 



Dimensions. — Measurements of No. 1,3G0, ? ad.. May 7, 187G, 

 Highland Falls, N. Y., E. A. M. : length, 16-00; stretch, 33 20; wing, 

 10-84; tail, 6-20; culmeu, 137; gape, 1-65; tarsus, 1*85; middle toe, 

 1-30; its claw, -47. 



104. Cyanocitta cristata (Linne). Blue Jay. A permanent 

 resident ; breeds. Large flocks move north in spring, and south in 

 autumn. 



Dimensions.— Aver Sige measurements of fourteen specimens : length, 

 11-74; stretch, 16-77; wing, 5-14; tail, 5-19; culmen, 1-09; gape, 1-20; 

 bill from nostril, '71; tarsus, 1-39; middle toe, -79; its claw, 36. 

 Average of eight males: length, 11-92; stretch, 16-96; wing, 5-23; 

 tail, 5 27; culmen, 1-08; gape, 1-19; bill from nostril, -70; tarsus, 

 1-45. Average of six females: length, 11-63; stretch, 16-66; wing, 

 5 08; tail, 5-14; culmen, 1-09; gape, 1-21; bill from nostril, -72; tar- 

 sus, 1-38; middle toe, -79; its claw, -36. 



Family, TYRANNID^. 



105. Tyrannus carolinensis (/>i«.ne). Kingbird ; Bee-martin. 

 A common summer resident; breeds. Arrives during the first half 

 of May (4, 1872; 14, 1873; 11, 1874; 9, 1875; 8, 1876; 13, 1877; 1, 

 1878; 9, 1879; 8, 1880), and remains until September. 



Dimensions. — Average measurements of eleven specimens : length, 

 8-51; stretch, 14-61; wing, 4-64; tail, 3-55; culmen, -74; bill from 

 nostril, -55; gape, -98; tarsus, -75; middle toe, -57; its claw, -28. 



106. Myiarcliuscrinitus (iz?i»e). Great-crested Flycatcher. 

 A common migrant, and rather abundant summer resident; breeds. 

 Arrives in May (22, 1874, 16, 1875; 13, 1876; 23, 1877; 3, 1878; 9, 

 1879; 8, 1880), and stays till about the end of September (24, 1873; 

 19, 1875). 



Great-crested Flycatchers are extremely pugnacious. I once shot 

 one that was fighting with another of its species, and seemed to be a 

 veteran warrior, for his rectrices were reduced to a single one, while 

 his general appearance reminded me of that of a dissipated tom-cat. 

 My shot only wounded it, and it fiew upwards in a spiral, and then 

 slowly descended to the ground in the same manner, screaming and 

 snapping its bill, the whole distance. When I started to secure it, it 



