hadena] CARADRINIDAE 131 



baud. A local variety occurs in which the forewings are wholly 

 sufFused with dark fuscous. 



Britain to the Shetlands, Ireland, very common ; N., C, and 

 SW. Europe, Asia Minor, N. Asia ; 6, 7. Larva grey or bi'own- 

 grey to dark purplish-grey ; spiracular line pale ; spots large, 

 black ; head and plate of 2 reddish-brown or dark brown : on 

 grasses ; 9-5. 



11. H. lithoxylea, F. 43-48 mm. Forewings whitish-ochreous, 

 mixed with brownish-ochreous and whitish ; indications of a 

 dark fuscous dash from near base of dorsum ; second line in- 

 dicated by a series of dark fuscous dots ; median shade brownish 

 on costa ; spots hardly traceable ; subterminal line very faint, 

 with indications of two strong median teeth, and two or three 

 dark dashes beneath ; cilia tinged with reddish-brown. Hind- 

 wings fuscous-whitish, terminally reddish-tinged ; a fuscous sub- 

 terminal band. 



Britain to Caledonian Canal, Ireland, common ; C Europe, 

 Asia Minor, NW. Asia ; 7. Larva brown-grey, sliglitly tinged 

 with greenish or ochreous ; spiracular line hardly paler ; spots 

 large, black ; head and plate of 2 darlv brown or black : on 

 grasses ; 9-5. 



12. H. sublustris, Esp. 40-43 mm. Forewings less elongate 

 than in H. lithoxylea, brownish-ochreous, faintly reddish-tinged ; 

 second line indicated by a series of dark fuscous dots ; median 

 shade towards costa and a submedian central blotch brownish ; 

 triangular fuscous terminal patches in middle and above tornus. 

 Hindwiugs whitish-fuscous, more fuscous posteriorly ; a darker 

 discal crescent and postmedian line. 



England to York, Ireland, rather local ; C. Europe ; 6, 7. 

 Probably the larva closely resembles that of the two preceding 

 species and has been confused with them. 



13. H. rurea, F. 35-41 mm. Forewings light greyish-ochreous, 

 towards middle of costa or sometimes wholly suffused with 

 rather dark ochreous-brown or reddish-brown ; a sufFused dash 

 from dorsum near base, and triangular terminal spots above 

 middle and above tornus dark reddish-fuscous ; spots sometimes 

 darker-outlined, orbicular and reniform sometimes pale or pale- 

 edged ; second line indicated by dark fuscous dots. Hindwings 

 whitish-fuscous, posteriorly fuscous. 



Britain to the Orkneys, Ireland, comnion ; N. and C. Europe, 

 N. Asia; 6, 7. Larva pale rosy-grey to reddish-brown; dorsal 

 line ochreous-whitish, dark-edged ; subdorsal pale ; spiracular 

 broad, pale greyish-ochreous, dark-edged above ; head reddish- 



