NYMPHALIDAE 327 



1. NYMPHALIDAE. 



Anterior legs in both sexes much reduced, useless for walk- 

 ing ; posterior tibiae without middle-spurs. Forewings : 8 and 

 9 out of 7. Hind wings with praecostal spui". 



An extremely large family, mainly tropical. The species 

 are of large or moderate size, usually dark-coloured with light 

 or bright bands or rows of spots. 



Ovum cylindrical or subconical, ribbed and often reticulated. 

 Larva with pairs of tentacles or more usually series of bristly 

 spines. Pupa exposed, suspended by the tail, often angular 

 or with metallic spots. 



Phylogeny of JVymphalidae. 



Anosia 



Argyunis Mditaea 



I 

 Vanessa Limenitis Apatura 



Tabulation' of Genera. 



1. Eyes haii-y . . . . .2. 



,, glabrous . . . . .3. 



2. Hindwings with transverse vein absent between 



4 and 5 5. Limenitis. 

 ,, ,, ,, pjresent 4. Vanessa. 



3. Hindwings with transverse vein absent between 



4 and 5 4. 

 ,, ,, ,, present . 5. 



4. Forewings with 10 out of 7 . .3. Melitaea. 



„ )j 10 separate . . 6. Apatura. 



5. Club of antennae abrupt . . 2. Argynnis. 



„ „ elongate, gradual . 1. Anosia. 



1. Anosia, Rb. 



Eyes glabrous. Club of antennae elongate, gradual. 

 Forewings : 10 separate. Hindwings with transverse vein 

 present. 



A genus of moderate extent, generally distributed within 

 the tropics, with two or three species ranging beyond them. 

 Imago with ternien of forewings subconcave. Larva with pairs 



