lycaena] LYCAENIDAE 349 



enclosing orange spots sometimes obsolete on forewings, 

 posterior spots on hindwings partly marked with pale metalUc 

 blue. 



Britain to Aberdeen, E. Ireland, local ; Europe, WC. Asia to 

 N. Persia ; 7, 8. Larva green ; dorsal line blackish -brown, 

 wdaitish- edged, dilated on 3, 4, 11; lateral yellowish, edged 

 with darker green ; subspiracular whitish ; head blackish : 

 on Ornitho2yus ; 3-6. Pupa usually unattached, sometimes 

 subterranean. 



6. L. icarus, Rott. {alexis, Hb.) 27-35 mm. Wings in S 

 bright purple-blue, terminal edge blackish ; in $ dark fuscous, 

 more or less suffused with deep purple-blue, sometimes with 

 subterminal series of orange spots. Wings beneath as in L. 

 aegon, biit forewings with two additional anterior spots. 



Britain to the Oi'kneys, Ireland, common ; Europe, N. and 

 WC. Asia, N. Africa ; 5-8. Larva green ; dorsal line darker ; 

 subdorsal sometimes whitish - green ; three lateral series of 

 oblique pale streaks ; subspiracular whitish - green ; head 

 blackish : on Ononis, Lotus, Medicago, etc. ; 6, 7, 9-4. Pupa 

 suspended by tail only, or unattached. 



7. L. arion, L. 35-43 mm. Wings purple -blue sprinkled 

 with black, costa and termen suffused with dark fuscous ; fore- 

 wings with discal mark and curved postmedian series of thi-ee 

 to six spots black. Wings beneath pale ochreous-grey ; discal 

 mark, one anterior spot of forewings and three of hindwings, 

 and a postmedian series black, whitish -ringed ; a double 

 series of spots before termen, anterior black, posterior dark 

 fuscous. 



S. England to Northampton and Worcester, always local, now 

 scarce and nearly extinct except in SW.; Europe (except SW.), 

 Asia Minor, NW. Asia ; 6, 7. Larva when young on flowers 

 of Thymus, but perhaps changing later to some other plant ; 

 8-4. 



5. PIERIDAE. 



Eyes glabrous. Anterior legs fully-developed ; posterior 

 tibiae without middle-spurs. Forewings : 7, 8, 9 stalked or 

 coincident. Hindwings with or without praecostal spur. 



A family of considerable extent, generally distributed, but 

 more numerous in tropical regions. The species are of moderate 

 or large size, usually coloured with white, black, yellow, and 

 sometimes red. 



Ovum long, subcylindrical, ribbed. Larva rather elongate, 



