coLiAs] PIERIDAE 351 



discal spot ; a narrow interrupted sometimes nearly obsolete 

 Itlackish terminal fascia. Hind wings and apical blotch of fore- 

 wings beneath yellow ; discal spot of hindwings silvery-white, 

 brown-ringed. 



England to Cumberland, very irregular in appearance, prob- 

 ably not a permanent resident but occasionally immigrating 

 in numbers and then maintaining itself for a generation or 

 two ; C. and S. Europe, W. Asia, N. Africa ; 7, 8, seldom 9-5. 

 Larva rather deep green, black-dotted ; spiracular line white, 

 yellow-marked: on Trifolium, Lotus, etc.; 10-5. 



2. C. edusa, F. 43-56 mm. Head and antennae rosy-tinged. 

 Forewings orange, in 9 sometimes whitish -yellow, towards 

 base black-sprinkled ; a black discal spot ; a broad black ter- 

 minal band throughout, in 5 enclosing a series of several pale 

 spots. Hindwings as forewings, but more black -sprinkled, 

 discal spot large, deep orange, terminal band narrower, not 

 reaching dorsum. Wings beneath as in C. hj/ale. 



Britain to the Clyde (rarely stragglers further north), Ire- 

 land, irregular in appearance, sometimes conmion ; C. and S. 

 Europe, N. and WC. Asia, Japan, N. Africa ; 6, 8, 9. Larva 

 rather deep green, black -dotted ; spiracular line yellow or 

 whitish, spotted with pink ; spiracles black ; head green : on 

 Trifolium, Lotus, MeliJotus, etc. ; 7, 10-4. 



2. GONEPTERYX, Lch. 



Characters of Colias, but forewings with 10 separate. 



Restricted to two or three closely allied or doubtfully dis- 

 tinct species of the Eui'opean region. Imago with apex of fore- 

 wings subfalcate, hindwings with submedian terminal angular 

 projection. 



1. G. rhamni, L. 55-67 mm. Face and antennae rosy-tinged. 

 Forewings in (^ clear yellow, in 5 yellow-whitish; base blackish; 

 an orange discal dot. Hindwings as forewings, but discal dot 

 larger. Wings beneath palei-, more greenish-tinged, discal dots 

 red-brownish, pale-centred ; hindwings with subterminal row of 

 red-brownish dots. 



England to Cumberland, W. and S. Ireland, common ; 

 Europe, N. and WC. Asia, N. Africa ; 7-6. Larva dull green, 

 irrorated with black ; spiracular line whitish or yellowish : on 

 Rhamnus ; 6, 7. 



3. EucHLOE, Hb. 



Club of antennae abrupt. Forewings : 6 and 7 out of 8, 9 

 out of 8, 10 separate. Hindwings with praecostal spur. 



