360 PYRALIDINA 



5. PYRALIDINA. 



Tongue and maxillary palpi usually developed. Forewings : 

 lb usually simple, sometimes shortly furcate at base, Ic some- 

 times present, 5 rising below middle of transverse vein, usually 

 approximated to 4, 8 and 9 stalked (except Agdistis), 11 from 

 beyond middle of cell. Hindwings with frenulum, Ic present, 

 8 rising free, approximated or anastomosing with 7 beyond cell, 

 thence diverging. 



The insects which are comprised in this large group are 

 usually remarkable for their slender build, and relatively long 

 and thin legs ; the forewings are more or less elongate-triangulai', 

 sometimes extremely elongate and narrow, the hindwings usually 

 relatively broad, ovate ; but in the genera with cleft wings the 

 shape is necessarily much modified. 



Type of markings : Forewings with three transverse lines, 

 viz. first, second, and subterminal, and three small spots in disc, 

 viz. a usually dot-like antemedian called the orbicular, a similar 

 one beneath it called the claviform but very seldom perceptible, 

 and a postmedian (variably 8-shaped, transverse-linear, or dot- 

 like) called the discal spot or mark. Hindwings with a discal 

 spot and similar lines, but first line usually absent, all markings 

 vei'y often obsolete. 



Larva more or less elongate, with 10 prolegs, usually with 

 few hairs. Pupa with segments 9-11, sometimes also 8 and in 

 $ \1 free {Pterophoridae and Oriieodidae) ; not protruded from 

 cocoon in emergence. 



Phylogeny of Pyralidina. 



Phycitiilae Galleriadae Crambidae Pyraustidae Pterophoridae Oriieodidae 



I I I ^1 I I 



I I 



Pyralididae [Tineodidae] 



[Thyrididae] 



The British representatives are inadequate to illustrate satis- 

 factorily the phylogeny of the group. In the accompanying 

 diagram two exotic families are included (in brackets), to 

 explain the connection of the others ; it may also be mentioned 

 that the Phycitidae are developed from the Ejiipaschia group 



