412 PYRALIDINA [pyrausta 



A very large and nearly cosmopolitan genus, but mainly 

 characteristic of northern temperate regions, 



1. Forewings purple or with crimson fasciae . 2. 



,, without purple or crimson markings . 4. 



2. Forewings ochreous with two crimson 



fasciae . . .4. sanyuinalis. 



,, purple with yellowish markings . 3. 



3. Hindwings with a pale discal spot . 5. 2^i''7'puralis. 



,, without pale discal spot . 6. aurata. 



4. Wings with a white postmedian fascia . . 5. 



,, without white fascia . . .6. 



5. Fascia irregular, one or two white spots . 3. nigrata. 



„ even, no white spots . . 2. cingulata. 



6. Wings black, with two large white spots 



each . 1. octomaculata. 



,, without large white s^iots 7. 



7. Lines of forewings wholly absent . 8. aljiinalis. 



„ ,, not wholly absent . . 8. 



8. Posterior half of costa pale with dark dots . 9. 



,, ,, not dotted . .10. 



9. A quadrate white spot in middle of disc . 10. oJivalis. 

 No white spot in disc . . .9. decrepitalis. 



10. Hindwings whitish . . .11. 7'epandaUs. 



,, not whitish . . . .11. 



11. Hindwings yellowish or with pale markings . 12. 



,, ©•'6y, without pale markings . 16. asinalis. 



12. Discal mark of forewings linear . . .13. 



,, ,, ,, not linear . . 15. 



13. Hindwings wdth broad pale postmedian 



fascia . . .15. nuhilalis. 



,, without broad pale fascia . .14. 



14. Forewings dark fuscous . . .13. stachydalis. 



,, deep ochreous-yellow . .14. verbascalis. 



15. Forewings yellow . .12. Jlavalis. 



„ iDrowu or grey . 7. cespitalis. 



1. P. octomaculata, F. 19-21 mm. Forewings black; a 

 large round white subdorsal spot before middle, and a second 

 in disc beyond middle ; sometimes a white dot above first ; 

 cilia white towards tips. Hindwings as forewings, but without 

 the white dot. 



England, Ireland, rather local ; N. and C. Europe, WC. and 

 N. Asia, N. America ; 6, 7. Larva ochreous-whitish ; dorsal 

 line deep green ; subdorsal and lateral green ; spiracular 



