101 



SALICACE^. 



(WILLOW Family.) 



Salix Candida, Willd, (Hoary Willow.) This species, which 

 so far has only been observed in a bog at Boxford, was first detected 

 by the writer, Aug., 1875. The plants are abundant (both sexes), 

 extending over a mile of land. This is probabl}" the first New 

 England locality noticed. 



Salix tristis, Ait. (Dwarf Gray Willow.) Lynnfield, Middle- 

 ton, Ipswich (Oakes), etc. Mr. Oakes also found the var. micro- 

 phylla at Ipswich. 



Salix humilis, Marshall. (Prairie Willow.) Quite common in 

 dry places. Nearly all the species of low-growing willows occasion- 

 ally are found to have cones at the terminations of some of their 

 branches. Tliese are the result of a sting by a fly, which causes the 

 twig to become aborted and the leaves to appear only as scales, 

 forming a persistent cone, which, by those persons unacquainted with 

 the fact, is supposed to be a natural production of the plant. 



Salix discolor, 3IuhL (Glaucus or Pussy Willow), (includ- 

 ing also S. eriocephala, Michx.) This is one of the earliest flowering 

 willows, and is very common in all places. The largest specimen of 

 this species met with is in a yard In West Peabody, near the New- 

 buryport turnpike. The tree is about 30 feet high, and 5 feet in 

 circumference near the ground. 



Salix sericea, Marshall. (Silky Willow), (including S. grisea, 

 Willd.) Along streams, Topsfield, etc. Not very common. A shrub 

 6 to 10 feet high. 



Salix petiolaris, Smith. Topsfield, J. H. Sears, Andover, Middle- 

 ton, etc. Not uncommon. 



Salix purpurea, L. (Purple Willow.) Introduced at Salem, 

 Newburyport, Lynn, and other places. A shrub or low tree. 



Salix viminalis, L. (Basket Osie;r.) Also introduced at Dayvers 

 and Salem, besides other places. 



Salix cordata, Muhl. (Heart-leaved Willow.) Quite common 

 in low lands. 



Salix livida, 3IuhL, var. occidentalis. (Golden Willow.) 

 Common on dry land. A low shrub. 



Salix lucida, Muhl. (Shining Willow.) Along streams and by 

 ponds. This grows to be a large shrub. 



Salix nigra, Marshall., var. falcata. (Black Willow.) Che- 

 bacco Pond, Topsfield along the Ipswich River, etc. This forms a 

 tree 25 feet high, and from 4 to 6 inches in diameter at the but. 



Salix fragilis, L. (Brittle Willow.) This includes several 

 varieties, and so closely resembles the White Willow that it is 



ESSEX INST. BULLTIN. XI 8 



