WARMING AND VENTILATION. 



285 



tbe classrooms and studies ou one side of the staircase have together 

 a content of 42,000 cubic feet, which is to be ventilated by one 

 apparatus; and the two sleeping-apartments j)laced above these 

 rooms have each a capacity of 37,000 cubic feet, or together 74,000 cubic 

 feet. The chimney and the ventilating-apparatus, which will be de- 

 scribed hereafter, then serve duriug the day to ventilate the recitation- 

 rooms, containing 42,000 cubic feet of air, and during the night the bed- 

 rooms, containing 74,000 cubic feet. 



The class-rooms and study-rooms in each division are placed on the 

 ground-floor of large buildings, of which the second floor contains the 

 corresponding bed-chambers. A fine staircase, placed near the middle 

 of each w^ing, gives access to the rooms. Fig. 17 shows the general 



I 



arrangement of the ground-floor of one of the four similar buildings. 



The climate of Toulon is so mild that no arrangements for heating 

 had to be provided, but ventilation appeared still more necessary under 

 the southern sun than almost anywhere else. 



M. Laval took as a basis for the calculations and the dimensions he 

 adopted the renewal of a volume of air of 900 cubic feet an hour to 

 each person, which seems amj^ly'sufiicient. 



The ventilating-flues w^ere made in the thickness of the walls of the 

 rooms on the ground-floor and the sleeping-rooms; their number as 

 well as their areas were calculated bj' allowing a velocity of about 28 

 inches a second to the air passing into them, (Fig. 18.) 



The general system adopted is that of a descending draught, and the 

 ventilation is confined during the day to the lower rooms and at night 

 to the sleeping-rooms. 



The descending pipes, which receive the foul air at each side of the 

 front rooms, unite under the floor in two central collecting-pipes, placed 

 right and left of the staircase, each terminating in aventilating-chimney, 

 of which there is one ou each side of the staircase. 



