286 



WARMING AND VENTILATION. 



Each story has its ventihiting-pipes and its special collectiug-pipes, 



and the two collectors on one 



side are placed one over the 



other, as seen on the plan of the 



basement, (Fig. 19.) As the 



ventilation of the t\^o stories 



alternates day and night, a valve 



placed in the chimney at the 



mouth of the collectors allows 



that for the sleepiug-roonis to 



be closed during the day, and 



that for the class-rooms at night. 



A coke-stove, only filled every twelve hours, the draught of which can 



be regulated at will, is placed at the bottom of each chimney, to cou- 



rol the ventilating-curreut. 



Such are the simple and inexpensive arrangements adopted for the 

 four buildings containing the study-rooms, class-rooms, and dormito- 

 ries. 



The building containing the dining-rooms and the infirmary is venti- 

 lated in a similar way; but for them M. Laval has skillfully made use oi 

 the waste heat from the cooking-range, in which fire is kept most of the 

 day. 



In the dining-rooms, the tables are arranged on the side opposite to 

 an outer wall, pierced with many windows, which admit light and air 

 from the infirmary-court. The ventilating-openings are arranged in the 

 face of the opposite wall in the space between the tables. The vertical 

 flues lead into collecting-pipes, which carry the foul air to the bottom of 

 the kitchen-chimney," and this is always warm enough to produce a 

 sufiBciently powerful draught. 



For the infirmary, situated on the second floor, the arrangements are 

 similar; and as the dining-rooms only need to be ventilated at certain 

 hours, the heat of the kitchen-range and that of the fires used in pre- 

 paring decoctions and poultices, not only serve without expense to carry 

 off' the foul air, but also to heat the baths required in the establishment. 

 Introduction of fresh air. — The mildness of the climate of Toulon 

 allowing, as has been said, artificial heat to be dispensed with, the in- 

 troduction of fresh air does not present any difficulty, and no precaution 

 is necessary, except to prevent the draught from becoming unpleasant. 

 M. Laval has provided for that by placing ventilators in place of the 

 upper panes in the window to throw the air toward the ceiling. A 

 valve allows the amount of opening to be regulated when the force of 

 the draught renders it necessary. 



In the sleeping-rooms, he has added convenient arrangements for the 

 renewal of the air during the night; the opening of little doors placed 

 under the window-ledge allowing the air to flow out at the floor-level 

 and under the beds in order better to purify the room. 



